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Published in: Clinical Oral Investigations 2/2019

01-02-2019 | Original Article

Characterization of a diet-induced obesity rat model for periodontal research

Authors: Anna Damanaki, Marjan Nokhbehsaim, Kanishka Hiththetiya, Svenja Memmert, Jinlong Gao, Ky-Anh Nguyen, Werner Götz, Andreas Jäger, Gerhard Wahl, James Deschner

Published in: Clinical Oral Investigations | Issue 2/2019

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Abstract

Objectives

Obesity is associated with periodontitis, but the mechanisms underlying this association have yet to be unraveled. The present investigation was to evaluate a common rat model, in which obesity is induced by high-fat, high-sucrose diet (HFSD), for its applicability in periodontal research.

Materials and methods

Ten male Wistar rats were fed a 3-month HFSD along with a matching control group. Afterwards, the body weight, adipocyte morphology, leptin and adiponectin levels in adipose tissue, gingiva, and serum as well as the serum levels of triglyceride, cholesterol, and glucose were analyzed. For statistical analyses, parametric and non-parametric tests were applied (p < 0.05).

Results

Body weight was significantly higher in the HFSD group after dieting as compared to control. HFSD caused a significant increase in serum triglyceride, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and leptin levels and a significant decrease in high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. Furthermore, adipose tissue from HFSD rats exhibited significantly larger adipocytes, displayed a significant upregulation of leptin and, surprisingly, elevated adiponectin levels, which is in contrast to chronic obesity in humans. Although leptin and adiponectin were also observed in gingival biopsies, no obvious differences between the groups were found.

Conclusions

Although this rat diet-induced obesity model is characterized by changes typical of obesity, it also has limitations, which have to be considered when data, especially with regard to adipokines, are extrapolated to humans.

Clinical relevance

The rodent diet-induced obesity model may be useful for unraveling pathomechanisms underlying the association between obesity and periodontal destruction but conclusions have to be drawn with caution.
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Metadata
Title
Characterization of a diet-induced obesity rat model for periodontal research
Authors
Anna Damanaki
Marjan Nokhbehsaim
Kanishka Hiththetiya
Svenja Memmert
Jinlong Gao
Ky-Anh Nguyen
Werner Götz
Andreas Jäger
Gerhard Wahl
James Deschner
Publication date
01-02-2019
Publisher
Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Published in
Clinical Oral Investigations / Issue 2/2019
Print ISSN: 1432-6981
Electronic ISSN: 1436-3771
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-018-2514-y

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