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01-06-2016 | Psychiatry and Preclinical Psychiatric Studies - Original Article

Prefrontal cortical thinning in HIV infection is associated with impaired striatal functioning

Authors: Stéfan du Plessis, Matthijs Vink, John A. Joska, Eleni Koutsilieri, Asif Bagadia, Dan J. Stein, Robin Emsley

Published in: Journal of Neural Transmission | Issue 6/2016

Abstract

While cortical thinning has been associated with HIV infection, it is unclear whether this reflects a direct effect of the virus, whether it is related to disruption of subcortical function or whether it is better explained by epiphenomena, such as drug abuse or comorbid medical conditions. The present study investigated the relationship between cortical thickness and subcortical function in HIV+ patients. Specifically, we examined the relationship between prefrontal cortical thickness and striatal function. Twenty-three largely treatment naïve, non-substance abusing HIV+ participants and 19 healthy controls matched for age, gender, and educational status were included. Cortical morphometry was performed using FreeSurfer software analysis. Striatal function was measured during an fMRI stop-signal anticipation task known to engage the striatum. Any cortical regions showing significant thinning were entered as dependent variables into a single linear regression model which included subcortical function, age, CD4 count, and a measure of global cognitive performance as independent predictors. The only cortical region that was significantly reduced after correction for multiple comparisons was the right superior frontal gyrus. Striatal activity was found to independently predict superior frontal gyral cortical thickness. While cortical thinning in HIV infection is likely multifactorial, viral induced subcortical dysfunction appears to play a role.

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Title: Prefrontal cortical thinning in HIV infection is associated with impaired striatal functioning
Authors: Stéfan du Plessis
Matthijs Vink
John A. Joska
Eleni Koutsilieri
Asif Bagadia
Dan J. Stein
Robin Emsley
Publication date: 01-06-2016
Publisher: Springer Vienna
Published in: Journal of Neural Transmission / Issue 6/2016
Print ISSN: 0300-9564
Electronic ISSN: 1435-1463
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00702-016-1571-0

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Prefrontal cortical thinning in HIV infection is associated with impaired striatal functioning

Abstract

Keynote webinar | Spotlight on medication adherence

Springer Medicine

Abstract

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