Published in:
01-06-2010 | Clinical Article
Transcranial color-coded duplex sonography allows to assess cerebral perfusion pressure noninvasively following severe traumatic brain injury
Published in: Acta Neurochirurgica | Issue 6/2010
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Objective
Assess optimal equation to noninvasively estimate intracranial pressure (eICP) and cerebral perfusion pressure (eCPP) following severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) using transcranial color-coded duplex sonography (TCCDS).
Design and setting
This is an observational clinical study in a university hospital.
Patients
A total of 45 continuously sedated (BIS < 50), normoventilated (paCO2 > 35 mmHg), and non-febrile TBI patients.
Methods
eICP and eCPP based on TCCDS-derived flow velocities and arterial blood pressure values using three different equations were compared to actually measured ICP and CPP in severe TBI patients subjected to standard treatment. Optimal equation was assessed by Bland–Altman analysis.
Results
The equations: \( {\hbox{ICP}} = {1}0.{927} \times {\hbox{PI}}\left( {{\hbox{pulsatility}}\,{\hbox{index}}} \right) - {1}.{284} \) and \( {\hbox{CPP}} = {89}.{646} - {8}.{258} \times {\hbox{PI}} \) resulted in eICP and eCPP similar to actually measured ICP and CPP with eICP 10.6 ± 4.8 vs. ICP 10.3 ± 2.8 and eCPP 81.1 ± 7.9 vs. CPP 80.9 ± 2.1 mmHg, respectively. The other two equations, \( {\hbox{eCPP}} = \left( {{\hbox{MABP}} \times {\hbox{EDV}}} \right)/{\hbox{mFV}} + {14} \) and \( {\hbox{eCPP}} = \left[ {{\hbox{mFV}}/\left( {{\hbox{mFV}} - {\hbox{EDV}}} \right)} \right] \times \left( {{\hbox{MABP}} - {\hbox{RRdiast}}} \right) \), resulted in significantly decreased eCPP values: 72.9 ± 10.1 and 67 ± 19.5 mmHg, respectively. Superiority of the first equation was confirmed by Bland–Altman revealing a smallest standard deviations for eCPP and eICP.
Conclusions
TCCDS-based equation \( \left( {{\hbox{ICP}} = {1}0.{927} \times {\hbox{PI}} - {1}.{284}} \right) \) allows to screen patients at risk of increased ICP and decreased CPP. However, adequate therapeutic interventions need to be based on continuously determined ICP and CPP values.