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Surgical Endoscopy

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01-02-2015

Incidence and risk factors of incisional hernia formation following abdominal organ transplantation

Authors: Carter T. Smith, Micah G. Katz, David Foley, Bridget Welch, Glen E. Leverson, Luke M. Funk, Jacob A. Greenberg

Published in: Surgical Endoscopy | Issue 2/2015

Abstract

Background

Hernia formation is common following abdominal operations, and transplant patients are at increased risk due to postoperative immunosuppression. The purpose of this study was to estimate the incidence of incisional hernia formation following primary abdominal solid organ transplantation and identify clinical risk factors for hernia formation.

Methods

We performed a single-institution retrospective review of a prospectively collected database to evaluate all patients who underwent primary liver, kidney, or pancreas transplantation between 2000 and 2011. The primary outcome was hernia formation at the transplant incision. Univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazards models were used to identify risk factors for incisional hernia formation.

Results

A total of 3,460 transplants were performed during the study period: 2,247 kidney only, 718 liver only, and 495 pancreas or simultaneous pancreas and kidney (pancreas group). The overall incisional hernia rate was 7.5 %. The Kaplan–Meier rates of hernia formation at 1, 5, and 10 years were 2.5, 4.9, and 7.0 % for kidney; 4.5, 13.6, and 19.0 % for liver; and 2.5, 12.7, and 21.8 % for the pancreas groups. On univariate analysis, surgical site infection (SSI), body mass index (BMI) >25, delayed graft function, and withholding a calcineurin inhibitor or mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) were associated with hernia formation in the kidney group. SSI and BMI >25 were associated with hernia formation in the liver group. In the pancreas group, SSI, cyclosporine, and withholding MMF were all associated with hernia formation. On multivariate analysis, SSI was strongly associated with hernia formation in all groups. Hazard ratio: kidney = 24.71 (13.00–46.97); liver = 12.0 (6.40–22.52); pancreas = 12.95 (2.78–60.29).

Conclusion

Incisional hernias are common following abdominal organ transplant with nearly one in five patients developing an incisional hernia 5 years after liver or pancreas transplantation. Strategies focusing on prevention and early treatment of SSI may help to decrease the risk of incisional hernia formation following abdominal organ transplantation.

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Title: Incidence and risk factors of incisional hernia formation following abdominal organ transplantation
Authors: Carter T. Smith
Micah G. Katz
David Foley
Bridget Welch
Glen E. Leverson
Luke M. Funk
Jacob A. Greenberg
Publication date: 01-02-2015
Publisher: Springer US
Published in: Surgical Endoscopy / Issue 2/2015
Print ISSN: 0930-2794
Electronic ISSN: 1432-2218
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00464-014-3682-8

Keynote webinar | Spotlight on medication adherence

Springer Medicine

Incidence and risk factors of incisional hernia formation following abdominal organ transplantation

Abstract

Background

Methods

Results

Conclusion

Keynote webinar | Spotlight on medication adherence

Springer Medicine

Abstract

Background

Methods

Results

Conclusion

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