Top

Published in:

Open Access 01-03-2014 | Original Article

ActiTrainer-determined segmented moderate-to-vigorous physical activity patterns among normal-weight and overweight-to-obese Czech schoolchildren

Authors: Erik Sigmund, Dagmar Sigmundová, Romana Šnoblová, Andrea Madarásová Gecková

Published in: European Journal of Pediatrics | Issue 3/2014

Abstract

This study uncovered the patterns of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) in normal-weight and overweight/obese children before, during, and after school lessons. ActiTrainer-based MVPA was assessed over 2 school days (with and without a physical education lesson [PEL] in a sample of three hundred thirty-eight 9- to 11-year-old children (50.3 % female; 29.6 % overweight/obese), in the Czech Republic, during spring 2012. MVPA was quantified based on the step count (number), MVPA duration, and MVPA heart-rate response (minutes). No differences in the MVPA based on the time during the school day were confirmed in normal-weight versus overweight/obese girls, whereas normal-weight boys significantly exceed their overweight/obese peers in step count and after-school and daylong MVPA. Active participation in PEL contributes to a significantly higher step count, exercise duration, and MVPA heart-rate response in normal-weight and overweight/obese boys (p < 0.001) and normal-weight (p < 0.001) and overweight/obese (p < 0.04) girls during school time. Moreover, active participation in PEL significantly (p < 0.04) increases the overall daily step count, duration, and MVPA heart-rate response in normal-weight boys and overweight/obese girls. Active exercise during PEL accounted for 16.7 % of the total number of steps, 25.1 % of overall MVPA duration, and 24.1 % of the MVPA heart-rate response in 9- to 11-year-old children. During days with a PEL, a significantly (p < 0.02) higher number of overweight/obese girls and a higher number of normal-weight boys achieved the duration of 60 min/day of MVPA compared with days without a PEL. Conclusion: Adding one PEL or an equivalent amount of MVPA to the daily school routine appears to be a promising strategy to effectively increase daily MVPA, particularly among overweight/obese girls.

Adamo KB, Prince SA, Tricco AC, Connor-Gorber S, Tremblay M (2009) A comparison of indirect versus direct measures for assessing physical activity in the pediatric population: a systematic review. Int J Pediatr Obes 4:2–27. doi:10.1080/17477160802315010 PubMedCrossRef

Armstrong N (1998) Young people's physical activity patterns as assessed by heart rate monitoring. J Sports Sci 16:S9–S16. doi:10.1080/026404198366632 PubMedCrossRef

Armstrong N, Balding J, Gentle P, Kirby B (1990) Patterns of physical activity among 11 to 16 year old British children. Br Med J 301:203–205CrossRef

Armstrong N, Welsman JR (2006) The physical activity patterns of European youth with reference to methods of assessment. Sports Med 36:1067–1086PubMedCrossRef

Atkin AJ, Gorely T, Biddle SHJ, Marshall SJ, Cameron N (2008) Critical hours: physical activity and sedentary behaviour of adolescents after school. Pediatr Exerc Sci 20:446–456PubMed

Bailey DP, Fairclough SJ, Savory LA, Denton SJ, Pang D, Deane CS, Kerr CJ (2012) Accelerometry-assessed sedentary behaviour and physical activity levels during the segmented school day in 10–14-year-old children: the HAPPY study. Eur J Pediatr 171:1805–1813. doi:10.1007/s00431-012-1827-0 PubMedCrossRef

Bassett DR (2012) Device-based monitoring in physical activity and public health research. Physiol Meas 33:1769–1783. doi:10.1088/0967-3334/33/11/1769 PubMedCrossRef

Brage S, Brage N, Franks PW, Ekelund U, Wong MY, Andersen LB, Froberg K, Wareham NJ (2004) Branched equation modelling of simultaneous accelerometry and heart rate monitoring improves estimate of directly measured physical activity energy expenditure. J Appl Physiol 96:343–351. doi:10.1152/japplphysiol.00703.2003 PubMedCrossRef

Branca F, Nikogosian H, Lobstein T (eds) (2007) The challenge of obesity in the WHO European Region and the strategies for response: summary. WHO Regional Office for Europe, Copenhagen

10.

Brusseau TA, Kulinna PH, Tudor-Locke C, Ferry M, van der Mars H, Darst PW (2011) Pedometer-determined segmented physical activity patterns of fourth- and fifth-grade children. J Phys Act Health 8:279–286PubMed

11.

Cohen J (1988) Statistical power analysis for the behavioural sciences, 2nd edn. Erlbaum, Hillsdale

12.

Cortina JM, Nouri H (2000) Effect size for ANOVA design, 1st edn. Sage publications, Thousand Oaks

13.

Czech Statistical Office (2010) Statistical yearbook of the Czech Republic 2010. Scientia, Prague

14.

Department of Health and Human Services (2010) Healthy People 2020. http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/healthy_people/hp2020.htm. Accessed 18 April 2013

15.

Department of Health, Social Services and Public Safety (2011) Start Active, Stay Active: a report on physical activity for health from the four home countries’ Chief Medical Officers. http://www.bhfactive.org.uk/userfiles/Documents/startactivestayactive.pdf. Accessed 18 April 2013

16.

Eckstein KC, Mikhail LM, Ariza AJ, Thomson JS, Millard SC, Binns HJ (2006) Parents’ perception of their child's weight and health. Pediatric 117:681–690. doi:10.1542/peds.2005-0910 CrossRef

17.

Edwards S (2010) The heart rate monitor guidebook to heart zone training, 5th edn. Velopress, Sacramento

18.

Edwardson CL, Gorely T (2010) Epoch length and its effect on physical activity intensity. Med Sci Sports Exerc 42:928–934. doi:10.1249/MSS.0b013e3181c301f5 PubMedCrossRef

19.

Ekelund U, Luan J, Sherar LB, Esliger DW, Griew P, Cooper A (2012) Moderate to vigorous physical activity and sedentary time and cardiometabolic risk factors in children and adolescents. J Am Med Assoc 307:704–712CrossRef

20.

Ekelund U, Tomkinson GR, Armstrong N (2011) What proportion of youth are physically active? Measurement issues, levels and recent time trends. Br J Sports Med 45:859–865. doi:10.1136/bjsports-2011-090190 PubMedCrossRef

21.

Fairclough SJ, Butcher ZH, Stratton G (2007) Whole-day and segmented-day physical activity variability of northwest England school children. Prev Med 44:421–425. doi:10.1016/j.ypmed.2007.01.002 PubMedCrossRef

22.

Fairclough SJ, Beighle A, Ervin H, Ridgers ND (2012) School day segmented physical activity patterns of high and low active children. BMC Public Health 12:406. doi:10.1186/1471-2458-12-406 PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef

23.

Groffik D, Sigmund E, Frömel K, Chmelík F, Nováková Lokvencová P (2012) The contribution of school breaks to the all-day physical activity of 9- and 10-year-old overweight and non-overweight children. Int J Public Health 57:711–718. doi:10.1007/s00038-012-0355-z PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef

24.

Hallal PC, Andersen LB, Bull FC, Guthold R, Haskell W, Ekelund U (2012) Global physical activity levels: surveillance progress, pitfalls, and prospects. Lancet 18:20–30. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(12)60646-1

25.

Herman KM, Craig CL, Gauvin L, Katzmarzyk PT (2009) Tracking of obesity and physical activity from childhood to adulthood: the Physical Activity Longitudinal Study. Int J Pediatr Obes 4:281–288. doi:10.3109/17477160802596171 PubMedCrossRef

26.

Hohepa M, Scragg R, Schofield G, Kolt GS, Schaaf D (2007) Social support for youth physical activity: importance of siblings, parents, friends and school support across a segmented school day. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 4:54. doi:10.1186/1479-5868-4-54 PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef

27.

Janssen I, LeBlanc AG (2010) Systematic review of the health benefits of physical activity and fitness in school-aged children and youth. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 7:40. doi:10.1186/1479-5868-7-40 PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef

28.

Jansen W, Borsboom G, Meina A, van Zwanenburg EJ, Mackenbach JP, Raat H, Brug J (2011) Effectiveness of a primary school-based intervention to reduce overweight. Int J Pediatr Obes 6:70–77. doi:10.3109/17477166.2011.575151 CrossRef

29.

Janssen M, Toussaint H, Van Willem M, Verhagen E (2011) PLAYgrounds: effect of a PE playground program in primary schools on PA levels during recess in 6 to 12 year old children. Design of a prospective controlled trial. BMC Public Health 11:282PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef

30.

Kalman M, Sigmund E, Sigmundová D, Hamřík Z, Beneš L, Benešová D, Csémy L (2011) Národní zpráva o zdraví a životním stylu dětí a školáků, 1st edn [National report of health and lifestyle of schoolchildren]. Vydavatelství Univerzity Palackého v Olomouci, Olomouc

31.

Kersh R, Stroup DF, Taylor WC (2011) Childhood obesity: a framework for policy approaches and ethical considerations. Prev Chronic Dis 8:1–5

32.

Khambalia AZ, Dickinson S, Hardy LL, Gill T, Baur LA (2012) A synthesis of existing systematic reviews and meta-analyses of school-based behavioural intervention for controlling and preventiv obesity. Obes Rev 13:214–233. doi:10.1111/j.1467-789X.2011.00947.x PubMedCrossRef

33.

Kirkpatrick B, Birnbaum BH (1997) Lessons from the heart: individualizing physical education with heart rate monitors, 1st edn. Human Kinetics, Champaign

34.

Kriemler S, Meyer U, Martin E, van Sluijs EMF, Andersen LB, Martin BW (2011) Effect of school-based intervention on physical activity and fitness in children and adolescents: a review of reviews and systematic update. Br J Sports Med 45:923–930. doi:10.1136/bjsports-2011-090186 PubMedCrossRef

35.

Lavelle HV, Mackay DF, Pell JP (2012) Systematic review and meta-analysis of school-based intervention to reduce body mass index. J Public Health 116:1–10. doi:10.1093/pubmed/fdr116

36.

Mallam KM, Metcalf BS, Kirkby J, Voss DL, Wilkin TJ (2003) Contribution of timetabled physical education to total physical activity in primary school children: cross sectional study. Brit Med J (Int Ed) 327:592–593CrossRef

37.

McNamara E, Hudson Z, Taylor SJC (2010) Measuring aktivity levels of young people: the validity of pedometers. Br Med Bull 95:121–137. doi:10.1093/bmb/ldq016 PubMedCrossRef

38.

Michalopoulou M, Gourgoulis V, Kourtessis T, Kambas A, Dimitrou M, Gretziou H (2011) Step counts and body mass index among 9-14 years old Greek schoolchildren. J Sports Sci Med 10:215–221PubMedCentralPubMed

39.

Neuls F (2008) Validity and reliability of "step count" function of the ActiTrainer activity monitor under controlled conditions. Acta Univ Palacki Olomuc Gymn 38:55–64

40.

Nichol M, Janssen I, Pickett W (2010) Associations between neighborhood safety, availability of recreational facilities, and adolescent physical aktivity among Canadian youth. J Phys Act Health 7:442–450PubMed

41.

Ogden CL, Carroll MD, Kit BK, Flegal KM (2012) Prevalence of obesity and trends in body mass index among US children and adolescents, 1999–2010. J Am Med Assoc 305:483–490. doi:10.1001/jama.2012.40 CrossRef

42.

Olds T, Maher C, Zumin S, Péneau S, Lioret S, Castetbon K, Bellisle F, Wilde DJ, Hohepa M, Maddison R, Lissner L, Sjöberg A, Zimmermann M, Aeberli I, Ogden C, Flegal K, Summerbell C (2011) Evidence that the prevalence of childhood overweight is plateauing: data from nine countries. Int J Pediatr Obes 6:342–360. doi:10.3109/17477166.2011.605895 PubMedCrossRef

43.

Page A, Cooper AR, Stamatakis E, Foster LJ, Crowne EC, Sabin M, Shield JPH (2005) Physical activity patterns in nonobese and obese children assessed using minute-by-minute accelerometry. Int J Obes 29:1070–1076. doi:10.1038/sj.ijo.0802993 CrossRef

44.

Resaland GK, Andersen LB, Mamen A, Andersen SA (2011) Effects of a 2-year school-based daily physical activity intervention on cardiorespiratory fitness: the Sogndal school-intervention study. Scan J Med Sci Sports 21:302–309. doi:10.1111/j.1600-0838.2009.01028.x CrossRef

45.

Riddoch CJ, Mattocks C, Deere K, Saunders J, Kirkby J, Tilling K, Leary SD, Ness AR, Blair SN (2007) Objective measurement of levels and patterns of physical activity. Arch Dis Child 92:963–969. doi:10.1136/adc.2006.112136 PubMedCrossRef

46.

Rowe DA, Mahar MT, Raedeke TD, Lore J (2004) Measuring physical activity in children with pedometers: reliability, reactivity, and replacement of missing data. Pediatr Exerc Sci 16:343–354

47.

Rowlands AV (2007) Accelerometer assessment of physical activity in children: an update. Pediatr Exerc Sci 19:252–266PubMed

48.

Rowlands AV, Eston RG (2007) The measurement and interpretation of children's physical activity. J Sports Sci Med 6:270–276PubMedCentralPubMed

49.

Sigmund E, El Ansari W, Sigmundová D (2012) Does school-based physical activity decrease overweight and obesity in children 6–9 years? A two-year non-randomized longitudinal intervention study in the Czech Republic. BMC Public Health 12:570. doi:10.1186/1471-2458-12-570 PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef

50.

Sigmundová D, El Ansari W, Sigmund E, Frömel K (2011) Secular trends: a ten-year comparison of the amount and type of physical activity and inactivity of random samples of adolescents in the Czech Republic. BMC Public Health 11:731. doi:10.1186/1471-2458-11-731 PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef

51.

Sigmundová D, Sigmund E, Hamrik Z, Kalman M (2013) Trends of overweight and obesity, physical activity and sedentary behaviour in Czech schoolchildren: HBSC study. Eur J Public Health. doi:10.1093/eurpub/ckt085 PubMed

52.

Steele RM, van Sluijs EMF, Cassidy A, Griffin SJ, Ekelund U (2009) Targeting sedentary time or moderate- and vigorous-intensity activity: independent relations with adiposity in a population-based sample of 10-y-old British children. Am J Clin Nutr 90:1185–1192. doi:10.3945/ajcn.2009.28153 PubMedCrossRef

53.

Telama R (2009) Tracking of physical activity from childhood to adulthood: a review. Obes Facts 2:187–195. doi:10.1159/000222244 PubMedCrossRef

54.

Thomas JR, Nelson JK (2001) Research methods in physical activity, 4th edn. Human Kinetics, Champaign

55.

Troiano RP, Berrigan D, Dodd KW, Mâsse LC, Tilert T, McDowell M (2008) Physical activity in the United States measured by accelerometer. Med Sci Sports Exerc 40:181–188. doi:10.1249/mss.0b013e31815a51b3 PubMedCrossRef

56.

Trost SG, Loprinzi PD, Moore R, Pfeiffer KA (2011) Comparison of accelerometer cut points for predicting activity intensity in youth. Med Sci Sports Exerc 43:1360–1368. doi:10.1249/MSS.0b013e318206476e PubMedCrossRef

57.

Trost SG, Rosenkranz RR, Dzewaltowski D (2008) Physical activity levels among children attending after-school programs. Med Sci Sports Exerc 40:622–629. doi:10.1249/MSS.0b013e318161eaa5 PubMedCrossRef

58.

Tudor-Locke C, Lee SM, Morgan CF, Beighle A (2006) Children's pedometer-determined physical activity during the segmented school day. Med Sci Sports Exerc 38:1732–1738. doi:10.1249/01.mss.0000230212.55119.98 PubMedCrossRef

59.

Tudor-Locke C, McClain JJ, Hart TL, Sisson SB, Washington TL (2009) Expected values for pedometer-determined physical activity in youth. Res Q Exerc Sport 80:164–174PubMedCrossRef

60.

Tudor-Locke C, McClain JJ, Hart TL, Sisson SB, Washington TL, Tracy L (2009) Pedometry methods for assessing free-living youth. Res Q Exerc Sport 80:175–184PubMedCrossRef

61.

Vignerová J, Humeníkova L, Brabec M, Riedlová J, Bláha P (2007) Long-term changes in body weight, BMI, and adiposity rebound among children and adolescents in the Czech republic. Econ Hum Biol 5:409–425. doi:10.1016/j.ehb.2007.07.003 PubMedCrossRef

62.

World Health Organization (2007) Growth reference data for 5–19 years. WHO Reference 2007. http://www.who.int/growthref/en/. Accessed 18 April 2013

63.

World Health Organization (2010) Global recommendations on physical activity for health. http://www.who.int/dietphysicalactivity/factsheet_recommendations/en/. Accessed 18 April 2013

64.

Yang CC, Hsu YL (2010) A review of accelerometry-based wearable motion detectors for physical activity monitoring. Sensors 10:7772–7788. doi:10.3390/s100807772 PubMedCrossRef

Title: ActiTrainer-determined segmented moderate-to-vigorous physical activity patterns among normal-weight and overweight-to-obese Czech schoolchildren
Authors: Erik Sigmund
Dagmar Sigmundová
Romana Šnoblová
Andrea Madarásová Gecková
Publication date: 01-03-2014
Publisher: Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Published in: European Journal of Pediatrics / Issue 3/2014
Print ISSN: 0340-6199
Electronic ISSN: 1432-1076
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00431-013-2158-5

Keynote webinar | Spotlight on medication adherence

Springer Medicine

ActiTrainer-determined segmented moderate-to-vigorous physical activity patterns among normal-weight and overweight-to-obese Czech schoolchildren

Abstract

Keynote webinar | Spotlight on medication adherence

Springer Medicine

Abstract

Please log in to get access to this content

Other articles of this Issue 3/2014

The association of vitamin D status with cardiometabolic risk factors, obesity and puberty in children

Blood pressure among children and adolescents with normal weight but large waist circumference in Shandong, China

Sensitivity and feasibility of lung ultrasound in bronchiolitis—reply to the correspondence letter by Catalano

Primary Budd–Chiari syndrome in a 3-year-old boy with homozygous factor V Leiden G1691A mutation

Body composition phenotypes and carotid intima-media thickness in 11–13-year-old children

Bohn’s nodules: peculiar neonatal intraoral lesions mistaken for natal teeth