Published in:
01-06-2017 | Original Article
High doses of vitamin C plus E reduce strength training-induced improvements in areal bone mineral density in elderly men
Published in: European Journal of Applied Physiology | Issue 6/2017
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Purpose
Resistance training is beneficial for maintaining bone mass. We aimed to investigate the skeletal effects of high doses of antioxidants [vitamin C + E (α-tocopherol)] supplementation during 12-week supervised strength training in healthy, elderly men
Methods
Design: double-blinded randomized placebo-controlled study. Participants followed a supervised, undulating periodic exercise program with weekly adjusted load: 3 sessions/week and 3–15 repetitions maximum (RM) sets/exercise. The control group (CG, n = 17, 67 ± 5 years) received placebo and the antioxidant group (AO, n = 16, 70 ± 7 years) 1000 mg vitamin C + 235 mg vitamin E, daily. Areal bone mineral density (aBMD) at whole body, lumbar spine (L1–L4), total hip, and femoral neck were measured by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry and muscle strength by 1RM. Serum analyses of bone-related factors and adipokines were performed.
Results
In the CG, total hip aBMD increased by 1.0% (CI: 0.3–1.7) versus pretest and lumbar spine aBMD increased by 0.9% (CI: −0.2 to 2.0) compared to the AO. In the CG, there was an increase in serum concentrations of insulin-like growth factor 1 [+27.3% (CI: −0.3 to 54.9)] and leptin [+31.2% (CI: 9.8–52.6)) versus pretest, and a decrease in sclerostin [−9.9% (CI: 4.4–15.3)] versus pretest and versus AO. Serum bone formation markers P1NP and osteocalcin increased in both groups, while the bone resorption marker CTX-1 remained unchanged.
Conclusion
High doses of antioxidant supplementations may constrain the favorable skeletal benefits of 12 weeks of resistance exercise in healthy elderly men.