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01-03-2011 | Original Article

An analysis of performance in human locomotion

Authors: Guido Ferretti, Aurélien Bringard, Renza Perini

Published in: European Journal of Applied Physiology | Issue 3/2011

Abstract

This paper reports an analysis of the principles underlying human performances on the basis of the work initiated by Pietro Enrico di Prampero. Starting from the concept that the maximal speed that can be attained over a given distance with a given locomotion mode is directly proportional to the maximal sustainable power and inversely proportional to the energy cost of locomotion, we discuss the maximal powers (and capacities) of anaerobic (lactic and alactic) and aerobic metabolisms and the factors that limit them, and the factors affecting the energy cost of various locomotion modes. Special attention is given to the role of air resistance and frictional forces. Finally, computation of performance speed is discussed along the approach originally developed by di Prampero.

In 1740, Johann Sebastian Bach, starting from a clavier theme, wrote 30 celebrated variations known as the Goldberg variations. Starting from a biophysical theme (the oxygen conductance equations), physiologists were able to create and write only two variations (Wagner’s and di Prampero’s on oxygen flow limitation). According to some wise men, this demonstrates the inferiority of physiology to music.

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Title: An analysis of performance in human locomotion
Authors: Guido Ferretti
Aurélien Bringard
Renza Perini
Publication date: 01-03-2011
Publisher: Springer-Verlag
Published in: European Journal of Applied Physiology / Issue 3/2011
Print ISSN: 1439-6319
Electronic ISSN: 1439-6327
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00421-010-1482-y

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An analysis of performance in human locomotion

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