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Graefe's Archive for Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology

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01-01-2014 | Basic Science

Electroretinographic assessment of retinal function during acute exposure to normobaric hypoxia

Authors: Andreas Schatz, Maurice Breithaupt, Jens Hudemann, Andreas Niess, André Messias, Eberhart Zrenner, Karl Ulrich Bartz-Schmidt, Florian Gekeler, Gabriel Willmann

Published in: Graefe's Archive for Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology | Issue 1/2014

Abstract

Background

The current study aimed to investigate retinal function during exposure to normobaric hypoxia.

Methods

Standard Ganzfeld ERG equipment (Diagnosys LLC, Cambridge, UK) using an extended ISCEV protocol was applied to explore intensity–response relationship in dark- and light- adapted conditions in 13 healthy volunteers (mean age 25 ± 3 years). Baseline examinations were performed under atmospheric air conditions at 341 meters above sea level (F_IO₂ of 21 %), and were compared to hypoxia (F_IO₂ of 13.2 %) by breathing a nitrogen-enriched gas mixture for 45 min. All subjects were monitored using infrared oximetry and blood gas analysis.

Results

The levels of PaCO₂ changed from 38.4 ± 2.7 mmHg to 36.4 ± 3.0 mmHg, PaO₂ from 95.5 ± 1.9 mmHg to 83.7 ± 4.6 mmHg, and SpO₂ from 100 ± 0 % to 87 ± 4 %, from baseline to hypoxia respectively. A significant decrease (p < 0.05) was found for saturation amplitude of the dark-adapted b-wave intensity–response function (Vmax), dark-adapted a- and b-wave amplitudes of combined rod and cone responses (3 and 10 cd.s/m²), light-adapted b-wave amplitudes of single flash (3 and 10 cd.s/m²), and flicker responses (5–45 Hz) during hypoxia compared to baseline, without changes in implicit times. The a-wave slope of combined rod and cone responses (3 and 10 cd.s/m²) and the oscillatory potentials were significantly lower during hypoxia (p < 0.05). A isolated light-adapted ON response (250 ms flash) showed a reduction of amplitudes at hypoxia (p < 0.05), but no changes were observed for the OFF response.

Conclusions

The results show significant impairment of retinal function during simulated normobaric short-term hypoxia affecting specific retinal cells of rod and cone pathways.

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Title: Electroretinographic assessment of retinal function during acute exposure to normobaric hypoxia
Authors: Andreas Schatz
Maurice Breithaupt
Jens Hudemann
Andreas Niess
André Messias
Eberhart Zrenner
Karl Ulrich Bartz-Schmidt
Florian Gekeler
Gabriel Willmann
Publication date: 01-01-2014
Publisher: Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Published in: Graefe's Archive for Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology / Issue 1/2014
Print ISSN: 0721-832X
Electronic ISSN: 1435-702X
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00417-013-2504-3

Keynote webinar | Spotlight on medication adherence

Springer Medicine

Electroretinographic assessment of retinal function during acute exposure to normobaric hypoxia

Abstract

Background

Methods

Results

Conclusions

Keynote webinar | Spotlight on medication adherence

Springer Medicine

Abstract

Background

Methods

Results

Conclusions

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