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European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience

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01-10-2009 | Original Paper

The endocannabinoid system and the regulation of neural development: potential implications in psychiatric disorders

Authors: Ismael Galve-Roperh, Javier Palazuelos, Tania Aguado, Manuel Guzmán

Published in: European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience | Issue 7/2009

Abstract

During brain development, functional neurogenesis is achieved by the concerted action of various steps that include the expansion of progenitor cells, neuronal specification, and establishment of appropriate synapses. Brain patterning and regionalization is regulated by a variety of extracellular signals and morphogens that, together with neuronal activity, orchestrate and regulate progenitor proliferation, differentiation, and neuronal maturation. In the adult brain, CB₁ cannabinoid receptors are expressed at very high levels in selective areas and are engaged by endocannabinoids, which act as retrograde messengers controlling neuronal function and preventing excessive synaptic activity. In addition, the endocannabinoid system is present at early developmental stages of nervous system formation. Recent studies have provided novel information on the role of this endogenous neuromodulatory system in the control of neuronal specification and maturation. Thus, cannabinoid receptors and locally produced endocannabinoids regulate neural progenitor proliferation and pyramidal specification of projecting neurons. CB₁ receptors also control axonal navigation, migration, and positioning of interneurons and excitatory neurons. Loss of function studies by genetic ablation or pharmacological blockade of CB₁ receptors interferes with long-range subcortical projections and, likewise, prenatal cannabinoid exposure induces different functional alterations in the adult brain. Potential implications of these new findings, such as the participation of the endocannabinoid system in the pathogenesis of neurodevelopmental disorders (e.g., schizophrenia) and the regulation of neurogenesis in brain depression, are discussed herein.

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Title: The endocannabinoid system and the regulation of neural development: potential implications in psychiatric disorders
Authors: Ismael Galve-Roperh
Javier Palazuelos
Tania Aguado
Manuel Guzmán
Publication date: 01-10-2009
Publisher: D. Steinkopff-Verlag
Published in: European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience / Issue 7/2009
Print ISSN: 0940-1334
Electronic ISSN: 1433-8491
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00406-009-0028-y

Keynote webinar | Spotlight on medication adherence

Springer Medicine

The endocannabinoid system and the regulation of neural development: potential implications in psychiatric disorders

Abstract

Keynote webinar | Spotlight on medication adherence

Springer Medicine

Abstract

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