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European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience
Published in: European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience 6/2008

01-08-2008 | ORIGINAL PAPER

Eye movement deficits in schizophrenia

Investigation of a genetically homogenous Icelandic sample

Authors: H. Magnus Haraldsson, Ulrich Ettinger, Brynja B. Magnusdottir, Thordur Sigmundsson, Engilbert Sigurdsson, Hannes Petursson

Published in: European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience | Issue 6/2008

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Abstract

Background

Deficits in antisaccade (AS) and smooth pursuit eye movements (SPEM) are promising endophenotypes in genetic studies of schizophrenia. The Icelandic population lends itself ideally to genetic studies due to its ethnic homogeneity and well-documented genealogy. The primary aim of this study was to assess AS and SPEM performance in a large Icelandic sample. Additional aims were to investigate the relationship between AS and SPEM task performance and to assess internal consistency, within-session performance changes and effects of SPEM target velocity on performance.

Method

Patients with schizophrenia (N = 118) and healthy controls (N = 109) matched for age and gender underwent infrared oculographic assessment of AS and SPEM (at target velocities of 12°, 24° and 36°/s).

Results

On the AS task patients displayed significantly more reflexive errors, longer latency, increased intra-individual latency variability, and reduced amplitude gain compared to controls. On the SPEM task, patients had significantly lower velocity gain and more frequent saccades during pursuit at all velocities, but group differences in velocity gain increased with increasing target velocity. Internal consistency of performance was high for all variables in both groups (Cronbach’s alpha >0.77 for AS and >0.85 for SPEM) except for AS spatial error in patients (alpha = 0.38). A moderate association was found between AS and SPEM performance. By and large, patients and controls showed similar patterns of systematic within-session performance changes.

Conclusions

Our findings confirm the existence of robust eye movement deficits in schizophrenia in a large sample. These measures may be studied as endophenotypes in future studies of potential schizophrenia risk genotypes in the genetically homogenous Icelandic population.
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Metadata
Title
Eye movement deficits in schizophrenia
Investigation of a genetically homogenous Icelandic sample
Authors
H. Magnus Haraldsson
Ulrich Ettinger
Brynja B. Magnusdottir
Thordur Sigmundsson
Engilbert Sigurdsson
Hannes Petursson
Publication date
01-08-2008
Publisher
D. Steinkopff-Verlag
Published in
European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience / Issue 6/2008
Print ISSN: 0940-1334
Electronic ISSN: 1433-8491
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00406-008-0806-y

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