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European Journal of Nutrition

Published in:

23-09-2023 | Respiratory Microbiota | Original Contribution

Vitamin D₃ supplementation shapes the composition of gut microbiota and improves some obesity parameters induced by high-fat diet in mice

Authors: Lian Xiang, Tingwan Du, Jingjing Zhang, Yuanfan Zhang, Yanqiu Zhou, Yueying Zhao, Yong Zhou, Ling Ma

Published in: European Journal of Nutrition | Issue 1/2024

Abstract

Purpose

Individuals with vitamin D (VD) insufficiency have a greater tendency to develop obesity and have increased systemic inflammation. Gut microbiota are involved in the regulation of host inflammation and energy metabolism, which plays a role in the pathogenesis of obesity. Thus, we aimed to evaluate the effects of different doses of VD₃ on body weight, serum lipids, inflammatory factors, and intestinal barrier function in obese mice and to explore the regulatory effect of VD₃ on gut microbiota in obese mice.

Methods

Male C57BL/6 J mice received a normal chow diet (NCD, 10% fat) or high-fat diet (HFD, 60% fat) to induce obesity within 10 weeks. Then, HFD mice were supplemented with 5650, 8475, or 11,300 IU VD₃/kg diet for 8 weeks. Finally, 16 s rRNA analysis was performed to analyze gut microbiota composition in cecal contents. In addition, body weight, serum lipids, inflammatory factors, and intestinal barrier function were analyzed.

Results

VD₃ supplementation reduced body weight and the levels of TG, TC, HDL-C, TNF-α, IL-1β and LPS, and increased ZO-1 in HFD-fed mice. Moreover, it increased α-diversity, reduced F/B ratio and altered microbiota composition by increasing relative abundance of Bacteroidetes, Proteobacteria, Desulfovibrio, Dehalobacterium, Odoribacter, and Parabacteroides and reducing relative abundance of Firmicutes and Ruminococcus. There were significant differences between HFD and NCD groups in several metabolic pathways, including endotoxin biosynthesis, tricarboxylic acid cycle, lipid synthesis and metabolism, and glycolysis.

Conclusions

Low, medium, and high doses of VD₃ inhibited weight gain, reduced levels of blood lipids and inflammatory factors, and improved endotoxemia and gut barrier function in obese mice. It also increased the α-diversity of gut microbiota in obese mice and reduced the relative abundance of some intestinal pathogenic bacteria, increased the relative abundance of some beneficial bacteria, and corrected the intestinal flora disorder of obese mice, with the low- and high-dose groups showing better effects than the medium-dose group.

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Title: Vitamin D3 supplementation shapes the composition of gut microbiota and improves some obesity parameters induced by high-fat diet in mice
Authors: Lian Xiang
Tingwan Du
Jingjing Zhang
Yuanfan Zhang
Yanqiu Zhou
Yueying Zhao
Yong Zhou
Ling Ma
Publication date: 23-09-2023
Publisher: Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Keywords: Respiratory Microbiota
Obesity
Obesity
Published in: European Journal of Nutrition / Issue 1/2024
Print ISSN: 1436-6207
Electronic ISSN: 1436-6215
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00394-023-03246-1

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Relationship between dietary macronutrients intake and biological aging: a cross-sectional analysis of NHANES data

Alignment between timing of ‘highest caloric intake’ and chronotype in relation to body composition during adolescence: the DONALD Study

Diet–gut microbiome interaction and ferulic acid bioavailability: implications on neurodegenerative disorders

Substitution analyses of foods with varying fat quality and the associations with all-cause mortality and impact of the FADS-1 genotype in elderly men

Keynote webinar | Spotlight on medication adherence

Live: Thursday 27th June 2024, 18:00-19:30 (CEST)

At a glance: The STEP trials