Top

European Journal of Nutrition

Published in:

01-06-2014 | Original Contribution

The effect of iron and zinc supplementation and its discontinuation on liver antioxidant status in rats fed deficient diets

Authors: Joanna Kaluza, Dawid Madej, Anna Rusaczonek, Ewa Siedlecka, Barbara Pietruszka

Published in: European Journal of Nutrition | Issue 4/2014

Abstract

Purpose

The aim was to investigate the effect of iron or combined iron/zinc supplementation on rat liver antioxidant status.

Methods

The 6-week male Wistar rats were examined in 3 stages: (1) 4-week adaptation to the diets (C—control AIN-93M diet, D—iron deficient and R—with 50 % reduction in all vitamin and mineral amounts); (2) 4-week supplementation with the same regimen enriched with tenfold more iron or iron/zinc; (3) 2-week post-supplementation period (the same diets as in the stage I).

Results

Combined iron/zinc supplementation similarly to iron supplementation alone significantly (p values ≤ 0.05) increased the iron content in the liver in D and R rats after stages II and III. Moreover, iron/zinc supplementation compared to iron supplementation alone significantly decreased the liver concentration of 8-isoprostane (after stage II in D and after stage III in R rats), protein carbonyl groups (only after stage III in R rats) and 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine (after stage II in R and after stage III in D and R rats). In rats fed R-type of diets after stage II hepatic superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activity, but not glutathione peroxidation activity and total antioxidant capacity, was lower in iron and iron/zinc supplemented than in non-supplemented rats, whereas after stage III in iron/zinc supplemented SOD was lower and CAT activity was higher in comparison with non-supplemented and iron supplemented rats.

Conclusions

The simultaneous iron/zinc supplementation can protect liver against peroxidative damage induced by high doses of iron during and after the intervention in rats fed iron-deficient diet and diet with reduced amounts of vitamins and minerals. The post-intervention observation is relevant because the effect may be delayed and visible only after this period.

McLean E, Cogswell M, Egli I, Wojdyla D, de Benoist B (2009) Worldwide prevalence of anaemia, WHO vitamin and mineral nutrition information system, 1993–2005. Public Health Nutr 12:444–454CrossRef

Lonnerdal B (2000) Dietary factors influencing zinc absorption. J Nutr 130:1378S–1383S

Sharp PA (2010) Intestinal iron absorption: regulation by dietary and systemic factors. Int J Vitam Nutr Res 80:231–242CrossRef

Jomova K, Valko M (2011) Advances in metal-induced oxidative stress and human disease. Toxicology 283:65–87CrossRef

Lasheras C, Gonzalez S, Huerta JM, Braga S, Patterson AM, Fernandez S (2003) Plasma iron is associated with lipid peroxidation in an elderly population. J Trace Elem Med Biol 17:171–176CrossRef

King SM, Donangelo CM, Knutson MD, Walter PB, Ames BN, Viteri FE, King JC (2008) Daily supplementation with iron increases lipid peroxidation in young women with low iron stores. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 233:701–707CrossRef

Zago MP, Verstraeten SV, Oteiza PI (2000) Zinc in the prevention of Fe2+-initiated lipid and protein oxidation. Biol Res 33:143–150CrossRef

Hori A, Mizoue T, Kasai H, Kawai K, Matsushita Y, Nanri A, Sato M, Ohta M (2010) Body iron store as a predictor of oxidative DNA damage in healthy men and women. Cancer Sci 101:517–522CrossRef

Bodiga S, Krishnapillai MN (2007) Concurrent repletion of iron and zinc reduces intestinal oxidative damage in iron- and zinc-deficient rats. World J Gastroenterol 13:5707–5717

10.

Sreedhar B, Subramaniyan R, Nair KM (2004) A protective role for zinc on intestinal peroxidative damage during oral iron repletion. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 318:992–997CrossRef

11.

Kamp F, Donangelo CM (2008) Supplementing young women with both zinc and iron protects zinc-related antioxidant indicators previously impaired by iron supplementation. J Nutr 138:2186–2189CrossRef

12.

Hossain MB, Kelleher SL, Lonnerdal B (2011) Maternal iron and zinc supplementation during pregnancy affects body weight and iron status in rat pups at weaning. J Nutr 141:798–804CrossRef

13.

Reeves PG, Nielsen FH, Fahey GC (1993) AIN-93 purified diets for laboratory rodents: final report of the American Institute of Nutrition ad hoc writing committee on the reformulation of the AIN-76A rodent diet. J Nutr 123:1939–1951

14.

Kaluza J, Madej D, Brzozowska A (2013) The effect of iron and zinc supplementation and discontinuation of this practice on iron and zinc level in tissues in rats fed deficient diets. J Trace Elem Med Biol 27:334–338CrossRef

15.

Re R, Pellegrini N, Proteggente A, Pannala A, Yang M, Rice-Evans C (1999) Antioxidant activity applying an improved ABTS radical cation decolorization assay. Free Radic Biol Med 26:1231–1237CrossRef

16.

Johansson LH, Borg LA (1988) A spectrophotometric method for determination of catalase activity in small tissue samples. Anal Biochem 174:331–336CrossRef

17.

Sreedhar B, Nair KM (2005) Modulation of aconitase, metallothionein, and oxidative stress in zinc-deficient rat intestine during zinc and iron repletion. Free Radic Biol Med 39:999–1008CrossRef

18.

Oteiza PI, Olin KL, Fraga CG, Keen CL (1995) Zinc deficiency causes oxidative damage to proteins, lipids and DNA in rat testes. J Nutr 125:823–829

19.

Zago MP, Oteiza PI (2001) The antioxidant properties of zinc: interactions with iron and antioxidants. Free Radic Biol Med 31:266–274CrossRef

20.

Powell SR (2000) The antioxidant properties of zinc. J Nutr 130:1447s–1454s

21.

Prasad AS (2009) Zinc: role in immunity, oxidative stress and chronic inflammation. Curr Opin Clin Nutr 12:646–652CrossRef

22.

Peres JM, Bureau F, Neuville D, Arhan P, Bougle D (2001) Inhibition of zinc absorption by iron depends on their ratio. J Trace Elem Med Biol 15:237–241CrossRef

23.

Li Y, Zheng Y, Qian J, Chen X, Shen Z, Tao L, Li H, Qin H, Li M, Shen H (2012) Preventive effects of zinc against psychological stress-induced iron dyshomeostasis, erythropoiesis inhibition, and oxidative stress status in rats. Biol Trace Elem Res 147:285–291CrossRef

24.

Shoham S, Youdim MBH (2002) The effects of iron deficiency and iron and zinc supplementation on rat hippocampus ferritin. J Neural Transm 109:1241–1256CrossRef

25.

Uthus EO, Zaslavsky B (2001) Interaction between zinc and iron in rats—experimental results and mathematical analysis of blood parameters. Biol Trace Elem Res 82:167–183CrossRef

26.

Zavaleta N, Caulfield LE, Garcia T (2000) Changes in iron status during pregnancy in peruvian women receiving prenatal iron and folic acid supplements with or without zinc. Am J Clin Nutr 71:956–961

27.

Chang S, El Arifeen S, Bari S, Wahed MA, Rahman KM, Rahman MT, Mahmud AB, Begum N, Zaman K, Baqui AH, Black RE (2010) Supplementing iron and zinc: double blind, randomized evaluation of separate or combined delivery. Eur J Clin Nutr 64:153–160CrossRef

28.

Kozlowska K, Brzozowska A (1997) The effect of various levels of dietary iron, zinc and copper on iron metabolism in young and adult rats. Wageningen International Conference Centre, Wagenegen, 25–28 May:52

29.

O’Brien KO, Zavaleta N, Caulfield LE, Yang DX, Abrams SA (1999) Influence of prenatal iron and zinc supplements on supplemental iron absorption, red blood cell iron incorporation, and iron status in pregnant Peruvian women. Am J Clin Nutr 69:509–515

30.

Wasantwisut E, Winichagoon P, Chitchumroonchokchai C, Yamborisut U, Boonpraderm A, Pongcharoen T, Sranacharoenpong K, Russameesopaphorn W (2006) Iron and zinc supplementation improved iron and zinc status, but not physical growth, of apparently healthy, breast-fed infants in rural communities of northeast Thailand. J Nutr 136:2405–2411

31.

Wieringa FT, Berger J, Dijkhuizen MA, Hidayat A, Ninh NX, Utomo B, Wasantwisut E, Winichagoon P (2007) Combined iron and zinc supplementation in infants improved iron and zinc status, but interactions reduced efficacy in a multicountry trial in southeast Asia. J Nutr 137:466–471

Title: The effect of iron and zinc supplementation and its discontinuation on liver antioxidant status in rats fed deficient diets
Authors: Joanna Kaluza
Dawid Madej
Anna Rusaczonek
Ewa Siedlecka
Barbara Pietruszka
Publication date: 01-06-2014
Publisher: Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Published in: European Journal of Nutrition / Issue 4/2014
Print ISSN: 1436-6207
Electronic ISSN: 1436-6215
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00394-013-0610-y

Live Webinar | 27-06-2024 | 18:00 (CEST)

Keynote webinar | Spotlight on medication adherence

Reserve your place

Live: Thursday 27th June 2024, 18:00-19:30 (CEST)

WHO estimates that half of all patients worldwide are non-adherent to their prescribed medication. The consequences of poor adherence can be catastrophic, on both the individual and population level.

Join our expert panel to discover why you need to understand the drivers of non-adherence in your patients, and how you can optimize medication adherence in your clinics to drastically improve patient outcomes.

Prof. Kevin Dolgin

Prof. Florian Limbourg

Prof. Anoop Chauhan

Developed by: Springer Medicine

Obesity Clinical Trial Summary

At a glance: The STEP trials

A round-up of the STEP phase 3 clinical trials evaluating semaglutide for weight loss in people with overweight or obesity.

Developed by: Springer Medicine

Keynote webinar | Spotlight on medication adherence

Springer Medicine

Abstract

Purpose

Methods

Results

Conclusions

Please log in to get access to this content

Other articles of this Issue 4/2014

Differential effects of high-carbohydrate and high-fat diets on hepatic lipogenesis in rats

Sugar-sweetened beverage and diet soda consumption and the 7-year risk for type 2 diabetes mellitus in middle-aged Japanese men

Comment to “Sugar-sweetened beverage and diet soda consumption and the 7-year risk for type 2 diabetes mellitus in middle-aged Japanese men”

Changes in body anthropometry and composition in obese adolescents in a lifestyle intervention program

Adipose tissue fatty acid composition and colon cancer: a case–control study

Association of dietary type with fecal microbiota in vegetarians and omnivores in Slovenia

Keynote webinar | Spotlight on medication adherence

Live: Thursday 27th June 2024, 18:00-19:30 (CEST)

At a glance: The STEP trials