Top

Published in:

01-01-2009 | Review Article

Botulinum toxin in paediatric urology: a systematic literature review

Authors: Ranan DasGupta, Feilim Liam Murphy

Published in: Pediatric Surgery International | Issue 1/2009

Abstract

The use of botulinum toxin in paediatric urology has become increasingly widespread during recent years; however, the evidence base for its clinical use has been from adult urology centres and trials. The mechanism of action of this potent neurotoxin is discussed and evidence for its efficacy and safety is reviewed in both the adult and paediatric literature. Second, an electronic literature search was performed using the keywords paediatric urology, botulinum toxin, bladder, sphincter, and voiding dysfunction (excluding abstracts, letters and case reports). A total of 225 children in 10 peer-reviewed publications were evaluated with 165 paediatric patients with neurogenic overactivity (6 studies), 21 patients with idiopathic overactivity (1 study) and 39 patients with voiding dysfunction (3 studies). Specifically, we discuss the main indications of intravesical injections for detrusor overactivity and of intrasphincteric injections for refractory voiding dysfunctions in the paediatric population.

Schurch B (2006) Botulinum toxin for the management of bladder dysfunction. Drugs 66:1301–1318. doi:10.2165/00003495-200666100-00001 PubMedCrossRef

Dykstra DD, Sidi AA, Scott AB et al (1988) Effects of botulinum A toxin on detrusor-sphincter dyssynergia in spinal cord injury patients. J Urol 139:919–922PubMed

Phelan MW, Franks M, Somogyi GT et al (2001) Botulinum toxin urethral sphincter injection to restore bladder emptying in men and women with voiding dysfunction. J Urol 165:1107–1110. doi:10.1016/S0022-5347(05)66438-5 PubMedCrossRef

Smith CP, Radziszewski P, Borkowski A et al (2004) Botulinum toxin A has antinociceptive effects in treating interstitial cystitis. Urology 64:871–875. doi:10.1016/j.urology.2004.06.073 PubMedCrossRef

Zermann D, Ishigooka M, Schubert J, Schmidt RA (2000) Perisphincteric injection of botulinum toxin type A. A treatment option for patients with chronic prostatic pain? Eur Urol 38:393–399. doi:10.1159/000020314 PubMedCrossRef

Chuang YC, Chancellor MB (2006) The application of botulinum toxin in the prostate. J Urol 176:2375–2382. doi:10.1016/j.juro.2006.07.127 PubMedCrossRef

Schurch B, Corcos J (2005) Botulinum toxin injections for paediatric incontinence. Curr Opin Urol 15:264–267. doi:10.1097/01.mou.0000172401.92761.86 PubMedCrossRef

de Paiva A, Meunier FA, Molgo J et al (1999) Functional repair of motor endplates after botulinum neurotoxin type A poisoning: biphasic switch of synaptic activity between nerve sprouts and their parent terminals. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 96:3200–3205. doi:10.1073/pnas.96.6.3200 PubMedCrossRef

Apostolidis A, Dasgupta P, Fowler CJ (2006) Proposed mechanism for the efficacy of injected botulinum toxin in the treatment of human detrusor overactivity. Eur Urol 49:644–650. doi:10.1016/j.eururo.2005.12.010 PubMedCrossRef

10.

Brady CM, Apostolidis A, Harper M et al (2004) Parallel changes in bladder suburothelial vanilloid receptor TRPV1 (VR1) and pan-neuronal marker PGP9.5 immunoreactivity in patients with neurogenic detrusor overactivity (NDO) following intravesical resiniferatoxin treatment. BJUI 93:770–776. doi:10.1111/j.1464-410X.2003.04722.x CrossRef

11.

Apostolidis A, Popat RB, Yiangou Y et al (2005) Decreased sensory receptors P2X3 and TRPV1 in suburothelial nerve fibres following intra-detrusor injections of Botulinum toxin for human detrusor overactivity. J Urol 174:977–983. doi:10.1097/01.ju.0000169481.42259.54 PubMedCrossRef

12.

Khera M, Somogyi GT, Kiss S et al (2004) Botulinum toxin A inhibits ATP release from bladder urothelium after chronic spinal cord injury. Neurochem Int 45:987–993. doi:10.1016/j.neuint.2004.06.001 PubMedCrossRef

13.

Wiseman OJ, Fowler CJ, Landon DN (2003) The role of the human bladder lamina propria myofibroblast. BJUI 91:89–93. doi:10.1046/j.1464-410X.2003.03802.x CrossRef

14.

Lagou M, Drake MJ, Markerink-van Ittersum M et al (2006) Interstitial cells and phasic activity in the isolated mouse bladder. BJUI 98:643–650CrossRef

15.

Welch MJ, Purkiss JR, Foster KA (2000) Sensitivity of embryonic rat dorsal root ganglia neurons to Clostridium botulinum neurotoxins. Toxicon 38:245–258. doi:10.1016/S0041-0101(99)00153-1 PubMedCrossRef

16.

Cui M, Khanijou S, Rubino J, Aoki KR (2004) Subcutaneous adminstration of botulinum toxin A reduces formalin-induced pain. Pain 107:125–133. doi:10.1016/j.pain.2003.10.008 PubMedCrossRef

17.

Reitz A, Denys P, Fermnanian C, Schurch B et al (2007) Do repeat intradetrusor botulinum toxin type A injections yield valuable results? Clinical and urodynamic results after five injections in patients with neurogenic detrusor overactivity. Eur Urol 52:1729–1735. doi:10.1016/j.eururo.2007.08.052 PubMedCrossRef

18.

Schurch B, Stohrer M, Kramer G et al (2000) Botulinum-A toxin for treating detrusor hyperreflexia in spinal cord injured patients: a new alternative to anticholinergic drugs? Preliminary results. J Urol 164:692–697. doi:10.1016/S0022-5347(05)67283-7 PubMedCrossRef

19.

Reitz A, Stohrer M, Kramer G et al (2004) European experience of 200 cases treated with botulinum-A toxin injections into the detrusor muscle for urinary incontinence due to neurogenic detrusor overactivity. Eur Urol 45:510–515. doi:10.1016/j.eururo.2003.12.004 PubMedCrossRef

20.

Schurch B, de Seze M, Denys P et al (2005) Botulinum toxin type A is a safe and effective treatment for neurogenic urinary incontinence: results of a single treatment, randomized, placebo-controlled 6-month study. J Urol 174:196–200. doi:10.1097/01.ju.0000162035.73977.1c PubMedCrossRef

21.

Sahai A, Khan MS, Dasgupta P (2007) Efficacy of botulinum toxin-A for treating detrusor overactivity: results from a single center, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. J Urol 177:2231–2236. doi:10.1016/j.juro.2007.01.130 PubMedCrossRef

22.

Unwala DJ, Barboglio P, Gousse AE (2007) Repeated botulinum toxin injection for idiopathic overactive bladder: will chemodenervation become a long-term solution? Curr Urol Rep 8:419–424. doi:10.1007/s11934-007-0041-5 PubMedCrossRef

23.

Ahmed HU, Shergill IS, Arya M, Shah PJR (2006) Management of detrusor-external sphincter dyssynergia. Nat Clin Pract Urol 3:368–380. doi:10.1038/ncpuro0521 PubMedCrossRef

24.

Harper M, Popat RB, DasGupta R et al (2003) A minimally invasive technique for outpatient local anaesthetic adminstration of intradetrusor botulinum toxin in intractable detrusor overactivity. BJUI 92:325–326. doi:10.1046/j.1464-410X.2003.04312.x CrossRef

25.

Karsenty G, Denys P, Amarenco G et al (2008) Botulinum toxin A (Botox) intradetrusor injections in adults with neurogenic detrusor overactivity/neurogenic overactive bladder: a systematic literature review. Eur Urol 53:275–287. doi:10.1016/j.eururo.2007.10.013 PubMedCrossRef

26.

Schulte-Baukloh H, Michael T, Schobert J et al (2002) Efficacy of botulinum A toxin in children with detrusor hyperreflexia due to myelomeningocele: preliminary results. Urology 59:325–327. doi:10.1016/S0090-4295(01)01641-7 PubMedCrossRef

27.

Schulte-Baukloh H, Michael T, Stürzebecher B et al (2003) Botulinum-a toxin detrusor injection as a novel approach in the treatment of bladder spasticity in children with neurogenic bladder. Eur Urol 44:139–143. doi:10.1016/S0302-2838(03)00136-2 PubMedCrossRef

28.

Riccabona M, Koen M, Schindler M et al (2004) Botulinum-A toxin injection into the detrusor: a safe alternative in the treatment of children with myelomeningocele with detrusor hyperreflexia. J Urol 171:845–848. doi:10.1097/01.ju.0000108892.35041.2d PubMedCrossRef

29.

Altaweel W, Jednack R, Bilodeau C, Corcos J (2006) Repeated intradetrusor botulinum toxin type A in children with neurogenic bladder due to myelomeningocele. J Urol 175:1102–1105. doi:10.1016/S0022-5347(05)00400-3 PubMedCrossRef

30.

Kajbafzadeh AM, Moosavi S, Tajik P et al (2006) Intravesical injection of botulinum toxin type A: management of neuropathic bladder and bowel dysfunction in children with myelomeningocele. Urology 68:1091–1096. doi:10.1016/j.urology.2006.05.056 PubMedCrossRef

31.

Akbar M, Abel R, Seyler TM et al (2007) Repeated botulinum-A toxin injections in the treatment of myelodysplastic children and patients with spinal cord injuries with neurogenic bladder dysfunction. BJUI 100:639–645. doi:10.1111/j.1464-410X.2007.06977.x CrossRef

32.

Neel KF, Soliman S, Salem M et al (2007) Botulinum-A toxin: solo treatment for neuropathic noncompliant bladder. J Urol 178:2593–2598. doi:10.1016/j.juro.2007.08.032 PubMedCrossRef

33.

Kalsi V, Popat RB, Apostolidis A et al (2006) Cost-consequence analysis evaluating the use of botulinum neurotoxin-A in patients with detrusor overactivity based on clinical outcomes observed at a single UK centre. Eur Urol 49:519–527. doi:10.1016/j.eururo.2005.11.006 PubMedCrossRef

34.

Hoebeke P, De Caestecker K, Vande Walle J et al (2006) The effect of botulinum-A toxin in incontinent children with therapy resistant overactive detrusor. J Urol 176:328–331. doi:10.1016/S0022-5347(06)00301-6 PubMedCrossRef

35.

Hinman FJ (1986) Non-neurogenic neurogenic bladder (the Hinman syndrome)—15 years later. J Urol 136:769–772PubMed

36.

Mokhless I, Gaafar S, Fouda K et al (2006) Botulinum A toxin urethral sphincter injection in children with nonneurogenic neurogenic bladder. J Urol 176:1767–1770. doi:10.1016/j.juro.2006.03.119 PubMedCrossRef

37.

Radojicic ZI, Perovic SV, Milic NM (2006) Is it reasonable to treat refractory voiding dysfunction in children with botulinum-A toxin. J Urol 176:332–336. doi:10.1016/S0022-5347(06)00298-9 PubMedCrossRef

38.

Petronijevic V, Lazovic M, Vlajkovic M et al (2007) Botulinum toxin type A in combination with standard urotherapy for children with dysfunctional voiding. J Urol 178:2599–2602. doi:10.1016/j.juro.2007.08.027 PubMedCrossRef

Title: Botulinum toxin in paediatric urology: a systematic literature review
Authors: Ranan DasGupta
Feilim Liam Murphy
Publication date: 01-01-2009
Publisher: Springer-Verlag
Published in: Pediatric Surgery International / Issue 1/2009
Print ISSN: 0179-0358
Electronic ISSN: 1437-9813
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00383-008-2260-3

Keynote webinar | Spotlight on medication adherence

Springer Medicine

Botulinum toxin in paediatric urology: a systematic literature review

Abstract

Keynote webinar | Spotlight on medication adherence

Springer Medicine

Abstract

Please log in to get access to this content

Other articles of this Issue 1/2009

Colonic atresia and choledochal cyst: a rare combination

Exomphalos major: the Northern Ireland experience

Parenteral fish oil as monotherapy for patients with parenteral nutrition-associated liver disease

Lung hydatic cysts in children: comparison study between giant and non-giant cysts

Unusual morphology in mesoblastic nephroma

Technique and long-term results of coloplasty for congenital short colon