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01-02-2009 | Original Article

A novel phenotypic method to determine fludarabine triphosphate accumulation in T-lymphocytes from hematopoietic cell transplantation patients

Authors: Erica L. Woodahl, Joanne Wang, Shelly Heimfeld, Brenda M. Sandmaier, Paul V. O’Donnell, Brian Phillips, Linda Risler, David K. Blough, Jeannine S. McCune

Published in: Cancer Chemotherapy and Pharmacology | Issue 3/2009

Abstract

Purpose

Fludarabine is an integral anticancer agent for patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) and those receiving conditioning regimens prior to allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT). An individual’s response to fludarabine may be influenced by the amount of CD4⁺ and CD8⁺ T-lymphocyte suppression. Fludarabine undergoes cellular uptake and activation to form the cytotoxic metabolite, fludarabine triphosphate (F-ara-ATP).

Methods

We have previously developed a highly sensitive LC–MS method to quantitate intracellular F-ara-ATP concentrations in a leukemic cell line. However, quantitation of F-ara-ATP concentrations within CD4⁺ and CD8⁺ T-lymphocytes from pharmacokinetic blood samples obtained from patients receiving fludarabine therapy is not feasible because of the limited number of T-lymphocytes that can be isolated from each blood sample. Thus, we sought to determine F-ara-ATP accumulation after ex vivo exposure of freshly isolated human CD4⁺ or CD8⁺ T-lymphocytes to fludarabine. The method was optimized in T-lymphocytes obtained from healthy volunteers, and proved to be a feasible method to determine F-ara-ATP accumulation in patients undergoing HCT.

Results

Considerable variability was observed in F-ara-ATP accumulation in HCT patients (10.5- and 12.5-fold in CD4⁺ and CD8⁺ cells, respectively), compared to healthy volunteers (1.6- and 1.9-fold in CD4⁺ and CD8⁺ cells, respectively). Larger variability was also observed in gene expression of transporters and enzymes involved in F-ara-ATP accumulation in HCT patients; however, F-ara-ATP accumulation was not correlated with gene expression, which is in agreement with previous studies.

Conclusions

The quantitation of F-ara-ATP accumulation in T-lymphocytes provides a novel tool to evaluate patient sensitivity to fludarabine. This tool can be used in future studies to evaluate whether intracellular F-ara-ATP accumulation is associated with efficacy and/or toxicity in patients receiving fludarabine.

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Title: A novel phenotypic method to determine fludarabine triphosphate accumulation in T-lymphocytes from hematopoietic cell transplantation patients
Authors: Erica L. Woodahl
Joanne Wang
Shelly Heimfeld
Brenda M. Sandmaier
Paul V. O’Donnell
Brian Phillips
Linda Risler
David K. Blough
Jeannine S. McCune
Publication date: 01-02-2009
Publisher: Springer-Verlag
Published in: Cancer Chemotherapy and Pharmacology / Issue 3/2009
Print ISSN: 0344-5704
Electronic ISSN: 1432-0843
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00280-008-0748-0

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Abstract

Purpose

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Results

Conclusions

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