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Cancer Chemotherapy and Pharmacology

Published in:

01-03-2007 | Original Article

Irinotecan changes gene expression in the small intestine of the rat with breast cancer

Authors: Joanne M. Bowen, Rachel J. Gibson, Adrian G. Cummins, Anna Tyskin, Dorothy M. K. Keefe

Published in: Cancer Chemotherapy and Pharmacology | Issue 3/2007

Abstract

Purpose

The aetiology of mucositis is complex involving change in gene expression, altered apoptosis and interaction between epithelial and subepithelial compartments. This is the first investigation using microarray to assess chemotherapy-induced changes in the gut. The aims of this study were to identify genes that are altered by irinotecan, to determine how these genes contribute to apoptosis and to identify any potential gene families and pathways that are important for mucositis development.

Methods

Tumour-bearing female dark Agouti rats were administered twice with 150 mg/kg of irinotecan and killed 6 h after the final dose. Jejunal tissue was harvested and RNA was isolated. cDNA was synthesised and purified, prior to hybridisation and microarray analysis. A 5-K oligo clone set was used to investigate gene expression. Results from the microarray were quantified using RT-PCR.

Results

Many genes were significantly up- or down-regulated by irinotecan. In particular, multiple genes implicated in the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signalling pathway were differentially regulated following treatment. These included interleukin 1 receptor, caspases, protein kinase C and dual-specificity phosphatase 6. RT-PCR was used to confirm effects of irinotecan on caspase-1 expression in jejunal tissue and was significantly increased 6 h after treatment with irinotecan.

Conclusions

This study has identified MAP kinase signalling as being involved with irinotecan-induced intestinal damage and confirms previous findings with radiation-induced oral mucosal damage, which also implicated this pathway. Microarrays are emerging as a valuable tool in mucositis research by linking such findings. The common pathway of chemotherapy- and radiotherapy-induced damage, which utilises the caspase-cascade, may be a useful target to prevent apoptosis following cancer treatment.

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Title: Irinotecan changes gene expression in the small intestine of the rat with breast cancer
Authors: Joanne M. Bowen
Rachel J. Gibson
Adrian G. Cummins
Anna Tyskin
Dorothy M. K. Keefe
Publication date: 01-03-2007
Publisher: Springer-Verlag
Published in: Cancer Chemotherapy and Pharmacology / Issue 3/2007
Print ISSN: 0344-5704
Electronic ISSN: 1432-0843
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00280-006-0275-9

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