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Osteoporosis International
Published in: Osteoporosis International 10/2016

01-10-2016 | Original Article

Dietary patterns are associated with bone mineral density in an urban Mexican adult population

Authors: E. Denova-Gutiérrez, P. Clark, K. L. Tucker, P. Muñoz-Aguirre, J. Salmerón

Published in: Osteoporosis International | Issue 10/2016

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Abstract

Summary

Several types of nutrients and foods affect bone mineral density (BMD). However, these nutrients occur together in food groups and dietary patterns, and the overall effects of dietary patterns are not yet well known.

Introduction

We evaluated the associations between dietary patterns and BMD among adults participating in the Health Workers Cohort Study.

Methods

In a cross-sectional analysis, we examined 6915 Mexican adults aged 20–80 years. All participants completed a validated self-administered food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) and had total, hip, and spine BMD measurements assessed by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). The FFQ included 116 foods, which were grouped into 22 categories and entered into a factor analysis to derive dietary patterns.

Results

Three dietary patterns emerged—a Prudent, a Refined foods, and a Dairy and fish pattern. After adjustment for potential confounders, those in the highest quintile of the Prudent pattern had lower odds (OR) of low spine BMD (OR = 0.80; 95 % CI 0.68, 0.94; P for trend = 0.031) compared to those in the lowest quintile. In contrast, participants in the highest quintile of the Refined foods pattern had greater odds of low total BMD (OR = 1.74; 95 % CI 1.10, 2.76; P for trend = 0.016) than those in the lowest quintile. Finally, participants in the highest quintile of the Dairy and fish dietary pattern had significantly lower likelihood of having low BMD.

Conclusion

This study identified specific dietary patterns associated with BMD among a Mexican adult population and highlights the importance of promoting food-based prevention strategies for maintaining bone health.
Appendix
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Metadata
Title
Dietary patterns are associated with bone mineral density in an urban Mexican adult population
Authors
E. Denova-Gutiérrez
P. Clark
K. L. Tucker
P. Muñoz-Aguirre
J. Salmerón
Publication date
01-10-2016
Publisher
Springer London
Published in
Osteoporosis International / Issue 10/2016
Print ISSN: 0937-941X
Electronic ISSN: 1433-2965
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00198-016-3633-4

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