Top

Osteoporosis International

Published in:

01-04-2007 | Original Article

Ultrasound bone densitometry of the calcaneus in healthy Chinese children and adolescents

Authors: Z.-Q. Zhu, W. Liu, C.-L. Xu, S.-M. Han, S.-Y. Zu, G.-J. Zhu

Published in: Osteoporosis International | Issue 4/2007

Abstract

Introduction

We evaluate reference data to examine whether there are sex-, age-, height-, weight- and BMI-related differences of quantitative ultrasound parameters (QUS) for healthy Chinese children and adolescents.

Methods

A total of 726 healthy children and adolescents (360 male and 366 female) aged from 10–21 years were examined with a Lunar Achilles Express densitometer. The measurements on the right heel included speed of sound (SOS), broadband ultrasound attenuation (BUA), and a calculated stiffness index (SI).

Results

Our results found that there were no significant differences for BUA, SOS and SI between males and females, except in the age range of 12 to 13 years. The values of all parameters were significantly higher in the 12-year-old females compared to males, and BUA values were significantly higher in 13-year-old females compared to males. A spurt in QUS parameters were observed at 12 years in females and at 14 years in males. A steady increase of BUA, SOS, and SI was seen with increasing body height and weight in both sexes.

Conclusion

In conclusion, the present results can be used as reference data for children and adolescents in China.

Lappe JM, Stegman M, Davies KM, Barber S, Recker RR (2000) A prospective study of quantitative ultrasound in children and adolescents. J Clin Densitom 3:167–175PubMedCrossRef

Kaga M, Takahashi K, Suzuki H, Matsueda M, Moriwake T, Miyatake N (2002) Ultrasound assessment of tibial cortical bone acquisition in Japanese children and adolescents. J Bone Miner Metab 20:111–115PubMedCrossRef

Hans D, Njeh CF, Genant HK, Meunier PJ (1998) Quantitative ultrasound in bone status assessment. Rev Rhum Engl Ed 65:489–498PubMed

Fielding KT, Backrach LK, Hudes ML, Crawford PB, Wang MC (2002) Ethnic differences in bone mass of young women vary with method of assessment. J Clin Densitom 5:229–238PubMedCrossRef

Jaworski M, Lebiedowski M, Lorenc RS, Trempe J (1995) Ultrasound bone measurement in pediatric subjects. Calcif Tissue Int 56:368–371PubMedCrossRef

Tsuda-Futami E, Hans D, Njeh CF, Fuerst T, Fan B, Li J, He YQ, Genant HK (1999) An evaluation of a new gel-coupled ultrasound device for the quantitative assessment of bone. Br J Radiol 72:691–700PubMed

Lees B, Stevenson JC (1993) Preliminary evaluation of a new ultrasound bone densitometer. Calcif Tissue Int 53:149–152PubMedCrossRef

Volta C, Bagni B, Iughetti L, Rossi M, Corazzari T, Bagni I, Bernasconi S (2004) Bone mass evaluated by calcaneous ultrasound and radial peripheral computed tomography in 726 youngsters. Acta Paediatr 93:747–751PubMedCrossRef

Wunsche K, Wunsche B, Fahnrich H, Mentzel HJ, Vogt S, Abendroth K (2000) Ultrasound bone densitometry of the os calcis in children and adolescents. Calcif Tissue Int 67:349–355PubMedCrossRef

10.

Vignolo M, Brignone A, Mascagni A, Ravera G, Biasotti B, Aicardi G (2003) Influence of age, sex, and growth variables on phalangeal quantitative ultrasound measures: a study in healthy children and adolescents. Calcif Tissue Int 72:681–688PubMedCrossRef

11.

Sawyer A, Moore S, Fielding KT, Nix DA, Kiratli J, Bachrach LK (2001) Calcaneus ultrasound measurements in a convenience sample of healthy youth. J Clin Densitom 4:111–120PubMedCrossRef

12.

Halaba ZP, Pluskiewicz W (2004) Quantitative ultrasound in the assessment of skeletal status in children and adolescents. Ultrasound Med Biol 30:239–243PubMedCrossRef

13.

Halaba Z, Pluskiewicz W (1997) The assessment of development of bone mass in children by quantitative ultrasound through the proximal phalanxes of the hand. Ultrasound Med Biol 23:1331–1335PubMedCrossRef

14.

Ikeda Y, Iki M, Morita A, Aihara H, Kagamimori S, Kagawa Y, Matsuzaki T, Yoneshima H, Marumo F (2004) Ultrasound bone densitometry of the calcaneus, determined with Sahara, in healthy Japanese adolescents: Japanese Population-based Osteoporosis (JPOS) Study. J Bone Miner Metab 22:248–253PubMedCrossRef

15.

Vignolo M, Parodi A, Mascagni A, Torrisi C, De Terlizzi F, Aicardi G (2006) Longitudinal assessment of bone quality by quantitative ultrasonography in children and adolescents. Ultrasound Med Biol 32:1003–1010PubMedCrossRef

16.

Zadik Z, Sinai T, Borondukov E, Zung A, Yaniv I, Reifen R (2005) Longitudinal monitoring of bone accretion measured by quantitative multi-site ultrasound (QUS) of bones in patients with delayed puberty (a pilot study). Osteoporos Int 16:1036–1041PubMedCrossRef

17.

Barkmann R, Rohrschneider W, Vierling M, Troger J, de TF, Cadossi R (2002) German pediatric reference data for quantitative transverse transmission ultrasound of finger phalanges. Osteoporos Int 13:55–61PubMedCrossRef

18.

Lequin MH, van Rijn RR, Robben SG, Hop WC, van Kuijk C (2000) Normal values for tibial quantitative ultrasonometry in Caucasian children and adolescents (aged 6 to 19 years). Calcif Tissue Int 67:101–105PubMedCrossRef

19.

Cheng JC, Leung SS, Lee WT, Lau JT, Maffulli N, Cheung AY (1998) Determinants of axial and peripheral bone mass in Chinese adolescents. Arch Dis Child 78:524–530PubMedCrossRef

20.

Liao XP, Zhang WL, He J, Sun JH, Huang P (2005) Bone measurements of infants in the first 3 months of life by quantitative ultrasound: the influence of gestational age, season, and postnatal age. Pediatr Radiol 35:847–853PubMedCrossRef

21.

Faulkner KG, McClung MR, Coleman LJ, Kingston-Sandahl E (1994) Quantitative ultrasound of the heel: correlation with densitometric measurements at different skeletal sites. Osteoporos Int 4:42–47PubMedCrossRef

22.

Schott AM, Hans D, Sornay-Rendu E, Delmas PD, Meunier PJ (1993) Ultrasound measurements on os calcis: precision and age-related changes in a normal female population. Osteoporos Int 3:249–254PubMedCrossRef

23.

Hans D, Arlot ME, Schott AM, Roux JP, Kotzki PO, Meunier PJ (1995) Do ultrasound measurements on the os calcis reflect more the bone microarchitecture than the bone mass?: a two-dimensional histomorphometric study. Bone 16:295–300PubMedCrossRef

24.

Njeh CF, Boivin CM, Langton CM (1997) The role of ultrasound in the assessment of osteoporosis: a review. Osteoporos Int 7:7–22PubMedCrossRef

25.

Prins SH, Jorgensen HL, Jorgensen LV, Hassager C (1998) The role of quantitative ultrasound in the assessment of bone: a review. Clin Physiol 18:3–17PubMedCrossRef

26.

Hans D, Dargent-Molina P, Schott AM, Sebert JL, Cormier C, Kotzki PO, Delmas PD, Pouilles JM, Breart G, Meunier PJ (1996) Ultrasonographic heel measurements to predict hip fracture in elderly women: the EPIDOS prospective study. Lancet 348:511–514PubMedCrossRef

27.

Mughal MZ, Ward K, Qayyum N, Langton CM (1997) Assessment of bone status using the contact ultrasound bone analyser. Arch Dis Child 76:535–536PubMed

28.

Alenfeld FE, van de Loo I, Diessel E, Felsenberg D (1997) Influence of factors on quantitative ultrasound measurements at the calcaneus in children in a German reference population. Bone 20:37S

29.

Carr AJ, Thompson PW, Jones C, Jenkins EJE (1995) Heel ultrasound measurements on 244 peri menarchal schoolgirls. Am Coll Rheum 38:S358

30.

Lum CK, Wang MC, Moore E, Wilson DM, Marcus R, Bachrach LK (1999) A comparison of calcaneus ultrasound and dual X-ray absorptiometry in healthy North American youths and young adults. J Clin Densitom 2:403–411PubMedCrossRef

31.

Lappe JM, King SA, Lypaczewski MG (1999) Normative values for quantitative ultrasound at the os calcis in children and adolescents. J Bone Miner Res 14(Suppl 1):S256

32.

Sundberg M, Gardsell P, Johnell O, Ornstein E, Sernbo I (1998) Comparison of quantitative ultrasound measurements in calcaneus with DXA and SXA at other skeletal sites: a population-based study on 280 children aged 11–16 years. Osteoporos Int 8:410–417PubMedCrossRef

33.

van den Bergh JP, Noordam C, Ozyilmaz A, Hermus AR, Smals AG, Otten BJ (2000) Calcaneal ultrasound imaging in healthy children and adolescents: relation of the ultrasound parameters BUA and SOS to age, body weight, height, foot dimensions and pubertal stage. Osteoporos Int 11:967–976PubMedCrossRef

34.

Salle A, Aubry C, Pascal-Bigneron V, Kuntz C, Locuty J, Leclere J, Weryha G (1998) Age-related changes in SOS and BUA during children, using SAHARA ultrasound bone densitometer. Bone 23:S318

35.

Schonau E, Radermacher A, Wentzlik U, Klein K, Michalk D (1994) The determination of ultrasound velocity in the os calcis, thumb and patella during childhood. Eur J Pediatr 153:252–256PubMedCrossRef

36.

Suwa S, Tachibana K, Maesaka H, Tanaka T, Yokoya S (1992) Longitudinal standards for height and height velocity for Japanese children from birth to maturity. Clin Pediatr Endocrinol 1:5–13

37.

Bailey DA (1997) The Saskatchewan Pediatric Bone Mineral Accrual Study. Bone mineral acquisition during the growing years. Int J Sports Med 18:191–194

38.

Wu XP, Yang YH, Zhang H, Yuan LQ, Luo XH, Cao XZ, Liao EY (2005) Gender differences in bone density at different skeletal sites of acquisition with age in Chinese children and adolescents. J Bone Miner Metab 23:253–260PubMedCrossRef

39.

Baroncelli GI, Federico G, Bertelloni S, de Terlizzi F, Cadossi R, Saggese G (2001) Bone quality assessment by quantitative ultrasound of proximal phalanxes of the hand in healthy subjects aged 3–21 years. Pediatr Res 49:713–718PubMed

40.

Matkovic V, Jelic T, Wardlaw GM, Ilich JZ, Goel PK, Wright JK, Andon MB, Smith KT, Heaney RP (1994) Timing of peak bone mass in Caucasian females and its implication for the prevention of osteoporosis. J Clin Invest 93:799–808PubMedCrossRef

41.

Bonjour JP, Theintz G, Buchs B, Slosman D, Rizzoli R (1991) Critical years and stages of puberty for spinal and femoral bone mass accumulation during adolescence. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 73:555–563PubMedCrossRef

42.

Liu W, Xu CL, Zhu ZQ, Wang W, Han SM, Zu SY, Zhu GJ (2006) Characteristics of calcaneus quantitative ultrasound normative data in Chinese mainland men and women. Osteoporos Int 17:1216–1224PubMedCrossRef

43.

Theintz G, Buchs B, Rizzoli R, Slosman D, Clavien H, Sizonenko PC, Bonjour JP (1992) Longitudinal monitoring of bone mass accumulation in healthy adolescents: evidence for a marked reduction after 16 years of age at the levels of lumbar spine and femoral neck in female subjects. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 75:1060–1065PubMedCrossRef

44.

Takahashi Y, Minamitani K, Kobayashi Y, Minagawa M, Yasuda T, Niimi H (1996) Spinal and femoral bone mass accumulation during normal adolescence: comparison with female patients with sexual precocity and with hypogonadism. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 81:1248–1253PubMedCrossRef

45.

Recker RR, Davies KM, Hinders SM, Heaney RP, Stegman MR, Kimmel DB (1992) Bone gain in young adult women. JAMA 268:2403–2408PubMedCrossRef

46.

Novotny R, Daida YG, Grove JS, Acharya S, Vogt TM, Paperny D (2004) Adolescent dairy consumption and physical activity associated with bone mass. Prev Med 39:355–360PubMedCrossRef

Title: Ultrasound bone densitometry of the calcaneus in healthy Chinese children and adolescents
Authors: Z.-Q. Zhu
W. Liu
C.-L. Xu
S.-M. Han
S.-Y. Zu
G.-J. Zhu
Publication date: 01-04-2007
Publisher: Springer-Verlag
Published in: Osteoporosis International / Issue 4/2007
Print ISSN: 0937-941X
Electronic ISSN: 1433-2965
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00198-006-0276-x

Keynote webinar | Spotlight on medication adherence

Springer Medicine

Ultrasound bone densitometry of the calcaneus in healthy Chinese children and adolescents

Abstract

Introduction

Methods

Results

Conclusion

Keynote webinar | Spotlight on medication adherence

Springer Medicine

Abstract

Introduction

Methods

Results

Conclusion

Please log in to get access to this content

Other articles of this Issue 4/2007

Determinants of bone mineral density in Chinese-American women

Fracture risk in patients treated with amiodarone or digoxin for cardiac arrhythmias: a nation-wide case-control study

The periosteum—a surface for all seasons

Gender differences in the ratio between humerus width and length are established prior to puberty

Integrated anti-remodeling and anabolic therapy for the osteoporosis of Hajdu-Cheney syndrome

A multi-component exercise regimen to prevent functional decline and bone fragility in home-dwelling elderly women: randomized, controlled trial