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Diabetologia
Published in: Diabetologia 11/2005

01-11-2005 | Article

Impact of cereal fibre on glucose-regulating factors

Authors: M. O. Weickert, M. Mohlig, C. Koebnick, J. J. Holst, P. Namsolleck, M. Ristow, M. Osterhoff, H. Rochlitz, N. Rudovich, J. Spranger, A. F. H. Pfeiffer

Published in: Diabetologia | Issue 11/2005

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Abstract

Aims/hypothesis

Insoluble dietary fibre intake is associated, by unknown mechanisms, with a reduced risk of type 2 diabetes. We investigated whether a short-term dietary intervention with purified insoluble fibres influences acute and delayed responses of glucose, insulin, glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) and glucagon-like peptide 1.

Methods

Fourteen healthy women with NGT were studied for 300 min on six to eight occasions. Subjects consumed three matched portions of control (C) or fibre-enriched bread (10.4–10.6 g/portion; wheat fibre [WF], oat fibre [OF], and, in a substudy [n=9], resistant starch [RS]) followed by control (C-C, C-WF, C-OF, C-RS) on subsequent days.

Results

Fibre enrichment accelerated the early insulin response (fibre×time interaction p=0.026 for WF, p<0.001 for OF, p=0.126 for RS; time of maximal concentration [T max], C 57.9±5.9, WF 49.3±2.5 [p=0.086], OF 46.1±2.9 [p=0.026], RS 46.7±5.8 min [p=0.029]). It was also associated with an earlier postprandial GIP response after OF (T max, C 83.6±7.2, WF 70.7±6.0 [p=0.054], OF 64.3±6.9 [p=0.022], RS 60.0±5.0 [p>0.15]). Increased fibre intake for 24 h was further associated with a reduced postprandial glucose response on the following day subsequent to ingestion of a control meal (AUCC-C 4,140±401, AUCC-WF 2,850±331 [p=0.007], AUCC-OF 2,830±277 [p=0.011]), with no difference in maximal concentration and T max of glucose responses. No differences in insulin responses were observed 24 h after the fibre-enriched diets compared with control (p>0.15). Colonic fermentation was increased only on study days C-OF (p=0.017) and C-RS (p=0.016).

Conclusions/interpretation

The consumption of highly purified insoluble dietary fibres accelerated the acute GIP and insulin response and was further associated with enhanced postprandial carbohydrate handling the following day upon ingestion of a control meal.
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Metadata
Title
Impact of cereal fibre on glucose-regulating factors
Authors
M. O. Weickert
M. Mohlig
C. Koebnick
J. J. Holst
P. Namsolleck
M. Ristow
M. Osterhoff
H. Rochlitz
N. Rudovich
J. Spranger
A. F. H. Pfeiffer
Publication date
01-11-2005
Publisher
Springer-Verlag
Published in
Diabetologia / Issue 11/2005
Print ISSN: 0012-186X
Electronic ISSN: 1432-0428
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00125-005-1941-x

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