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Diabetologia
Published in: Diabetologia 2/2004

01-02-2004 | Article

Enterovirus infection in human pancreatic islet cells, islet tropism in vivo and receptor involvement in cultured islet beta cells

Authors: P. Ylipaasto, K. Klingel, A. M. Lindberg, T. Otonkoski, R. Kandolf, T. Hovi, Dr. M. Roivainen

Published in: Diabetologia | Issue 2/2004

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Abstract

Aims/hypothesis

It is thought that enterovirus infections cause beta-cell damage and contribute to the development of Type 1 diabetes by replicating in the pancreatic islets. We sought evidence for this through autopsy studies and by investigating known enterovirus receptors in cultured human islets.

Methods

Autopsy pancreases from 12 newborn infants who died of fulminant coxsackievirus infections and from 65 Type 1 diabetic patients were studied for presence of enteroviral ribonucleic acid by in situ hybridisation. Forty non-diabetic control pancreases were included in the study. The expression and role of receptor candidates in cultured human islets were investigated with receptor-specific antibodies using immunocytochemistry and functional assays.

Results

Enterovirus-positive islet cells were found in some of both autopsy specimen collections, but not in control pancreases. No infected cells were seen in exocrine tissue. The cell surface molecules, poliovirus receptor and integrin αvβ3, which act as enterovirus receptors in established cell lines, were expressed in beta cells. Antibodies to poliovirus receptor, human coxsackievirus and adenovirus receptor and integrin αvβ3 protected islets and beta cells from adverse effects of poliovirus, coxsackie B viruses, and several of the arginine-glycine-aspartic acid motifs containing enteroviruses and human parechovirus 1 respectively. No evidence was found for expression of the decay-accelerating factor which acts as a receptor for several islet-cell-replicating echoviruses in established cell lines.

Conclusions/interpretation

The results show a definite islet-cell tropism of enteroviruses in the human pancreas. Some enteroviruses seem to use previously identified cell surface molecules as receptors in beta cells, whereas the identity of receptors used by other enteroviruses remains unknown.
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Metadata
Title
Enterovirus infection in human pancreatic islet cells, islet tropism in vivo and receptor involvement in cultured islet beta cells
Authors
P. Ylipaasto
K. Klingel
A. M. Lindberg
T. Otonkoski
R. Kandolf
T. Hovi
Dr. M. Roivainen
Publication date
01-02-2004
Publisher
Springer-Verlag
Published in
Diabetologia / Issue 2/2004
Print ISSN: 0012-186X
Electronic ISSN: 1432-0428
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00125-003-1297-z

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