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Knee Surgery, Sports Traumatology, Arthroscopy

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Open Access 17-06-2023 | KNEE

Linear correlation between patellar positioning and rotation of the lower limb in radiographic imaging: a 3D simulation study

Authors: Maximilian Jörgens, Josef Brunner, Maximilian Weigert, Markus Bormann, Elisabeth Böhm, Wolfang Böcker, Alexander C. Paulus, Denis Ehrl, Julian Fürmetz

Published in: Knee Surgery, Sports Traumatology, Arthroscopy | Issue 10/2023

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this study was to quantify changes in rotation of the lower limb between image pairs based on patellar position. Additionally, we investigated the differences in alignment between centralized patellar and orthograde-positioned condyles.

Methods

Three-dimensional models of 30 paired legs were aligned in neutral position with condyles orthogonal to the sagittal axis and then rotated internally and externally in 1° increments up to 15°. For each rotation, the deviation of the patella and the subsequent changes in alignment parameters were calculated and plotted using a linear regression model. Differences between neutral position and patellar centralization were analysed qualitatively.

Results

A linear relationship between lower limb rotation and patellar position can be postulated. The regression model (R² = 0.99) calculated a change of the patellar position of − 0.9 mm per degree rotation and alignment parameters showed small changes due to rotation. The physiological lateralization of the patella at neutral position was on average − 8.3 mm (SD: ± 5.4 mm). From neutral position, internal rotation that led to a centralized patella was on average − 9.8° (SD: ± 5.2°).

Conclusion

The approximately linear dependence of the patellar position on rotation allows an inverse estimation of the rotation during image acquisition and its influence on the alignment parameters. As there is still no absolute consensus about lower limb positioning during image acquisition, data about the impact of a centralized patella compared to an orthograde condyle positioning on alignment parameters was provided.

Level of evidence

IV.

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Title: Linear correlation between patellar positioning and rotation of the lower limb in radiographic imaging: a 3D simulation study
Authors: Maximilian Jörgens
Josef Brunner
Maximilian Weigert
Markus Bormann
Elisabeth Böhm
Wolfang Böcker
Alexander C. Paulus
Denis Ehrl
Julian Fürmetz
Publication date: 17-06-2023
Publisher: Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Published in: Knee Surgery, Sports Traumatology, Arthroscopy / Issue 10/2023
Print ISSN: 0942-2056
Electronic ISSN: 1433-7347
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00167-023-07466-0

Keynote webinar | Spotlight on medication adherence

Springer Medicine

Linear correlation between patellar positioning and rotation of the lower limb in radiographic imaging: a 3D simulation study

Abstract

Purpose

Methods

Results

Conclusion

Level of evidence

Keynote webinar | Spotlight on medication adherence

Springer Medicine

Abstract

Purpose

Methods

Results

Conclusion

Level of evidence

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