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Cancer Causes & Control
Published in: Cancer Causes & Control 12/2013

01-12-2013 | Original paper

Lifetime body size and prostate cancer risk in a population-based case–control study in Sweden

Authors: Elisabeth Möller, Hans-Olov Adami, Lorelei A. Mucci, Cecilia Lundholm, Rino Bellocco, Jan-Erik Johansson, Henrik Grönberg, Katarina Bälter

Published in: Cancer Causes & Control | Issue 12/2013

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Abstract

Purpose

The role of body size in prostate cancer etiology is unclear and potentially varies by age and disease subtype. We investigated whether body size in childhood and adulthood, including adult weight change, is related to total, low–intermediate-risk, high-risk, and fatal prostate cancer.

Methods

We used data on 1,499 incident prostate cancer cases and 1,118 population controls in Sweden. Body figure at age 10 was assessed by silhouette drawings. Adult body mass index (BMI) and weight change were based on self-reported height and weight between ages 20 and 70. We estimated odds ratios (ORs) with 95 % confidence intervals (CIs) by unconditional logistic regression.

Results

Height was positively associated with prostate cancer. Overweight/obesity in childhood was associated with a 54 % increased risk of dying from prostate cancer compared to normal weight, whereas a 27 % lower risk was seen in men who were moderately thin (drawing 2) in childhood (P trend = 0.01). Using BMI <22.5 as a reference, we observed inverse associations between BMI 22.5 to <25 at age 20 and all prostate cancer subtypes (ORs in the range 0.72–0.82), and between mean adult BMI 25 to <27.5 and low–intermediate-risk disease (OR 0.75, 95 % CI 0.55–1.02). Moderate adult weight gain increased the risk of disease in men with low BMI at start and in short men.

Conclusions

Our comprehensive life-course approach revealed no convincing associations between anthropometric measures and prostate cancer risk. However, we found some leads that deserve further investigation, particularly for early-life body size. Our study highlights the importance of the time window of exposure in prostate cancer development.
Appendix
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Metadata
Title
Lifetime body size and prostate cancer risk in a population-based case–control study in Sweden
Authors
Elisabeth Möller
Hans-Olov Adami
Lorelei A. Mucci
Cecilia Lundholm
Rino Bellocco
Jan-Erik Johansson
Henrik Grönberg
Katarina Bälter
Publication date
01-12-2013
Publisher
Springer Netherlands
Published in
Cancer Causes & Control / Issue 12/2013
Print ISSN: 0957-5243
Electronic ISSN: 1573-7225
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10552-013-0291-0

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