Skip to main content
Top
Published in: International Journal of Public Health 1/2012

01-02-2012 | Original Article

Lessons from a Canadian province: examining collaborations between the mental health and justice sectors

Authors: Carolyn S. Dewa, Lucy Trojanowski, Chiachen Cheng, Frank Sirotich

Published in: International Journal of Public Health | Issue 1/2012

Login to get access

Abstract

Objective

The objective of this paper was to identify the factors that program developers perceived as important to the successful collaboration between the mental health and justice sectors in seven Ontario, Canada, post-booking programs.

Methods

Semi-structured telephone interviews with developers of the programs in each region were conducted. Key informants were identified using a snowball technique. All transcripts were analyzed using a modified grounded theory approach.

Results

The primary themes identified involved partnership development, adjustment to broader mandates and addressing ongoing challenges. Conclusions were validated through member checking.

Conclusions

The findings highlight important considerations for cross-ministerial enterprises. If partnerships are constructed within the existing parameters of systems, the system with the most flexibility will be required to work around its partner’s constraints. The role of the adapter could be acknowledged by having the funding flow through the adapter’s system. Program development will involve a significant time investment including activities to become part of both systems’ culture through education, establishing a presence and identifying boundary spanners. Long-run implications for both systems should also be considered.
Appendix
Available only for authorised users
Literature
go back to reference Boothroyd RA, Mercado CC, Poythress NG, Christy A, Petrila J (2005) Clinical outcomes of defendants in mental health court. Psychiatr Serv 56:829–834PubMedCrossRef Boothroyd RA, Mercado CC, Poythress NG, Christy A, Petrila J (2005) Clinical outcomes of defendants in mental health court. Psychiatr Serv 56:829–834PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Broner N, Lamon SS, Mayrl DW, Karopkin MG (2003) Arrested adults awaiting arraignment: mental health, substance use, and criminal justice characteristics and needs. Fordham Urb L J 30:663–721 Broner N, Lamon SS, Mayrl DW, Karopkin MG (2003) Arrested adults awaiting arraignment: mental health, substance use, and criminal justice characteristics and needs. Fordham Urb L J 30:663–721
go back to reference Broner N, Mayrl DW, Landsberg G (2005) Outcomes of mandated and nonmandated New York City jail diversion for offenders with alcohol, drug and mental disorders. Prison J 85:18–49CrossRef Broner N, Mayrl DW, Landsberg G (2005) Outcomes of mandated and nonmandated New York City jail diversion for offenders with alcohol, drug and mental disorders. Prison J 85:18–49CrossRef
go back to reference Christy A, Poythress NG, Boothroyd RA, Petrila J, Mehra S (2005) Evaluating the efficiency and community safety goals of the Broward County Mental Health Court. Behav Sci Law 23:227–243PubMedCrossRef Christy A, Poythress NG, Boothroyd RA, Petrila J, Mehra S (2005) Evaluating the efficiency and community safety goals of the Broward County Mental Health Court. Behav Sci Law 23:227–243PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Cosden M, Ellens J, Schnell J, Yamini-Diouf Y (2005) Efficacy of a mental health treatment court with assertive community treatment. Behav Sci Law 23:199–214PubMedCrossRef Cosden M, Ellens J, Schnell J, Yamini-Diouf Y (2005) Efficacy of a mental health treatment court with assertive community treatment. Behav Sci Law 23:199–214PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Cusack KJ, Morrissey JP, Cuddeback GS, Prins A, Williams DM (2010) Criminal justice involvement, behavioral health service use, and costs of forensic assertive community treatment: a randomized trial. Community Ment Health J 46:356–363PubMedCrossRef Cusack KJ, Morrissey JP, Cuddeback GS, Prins A, Williams DM (2010) Criminal justice involvement, behavioral health service use, and costs of forensic assertive community treatment: a randomized trial. Community Ment Health J 46:356–363PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Dewa CS, Jacobson N, Durbin J, Lin E, Zipursky RB, Goering P (2010) Examining the effects of enhanced funding for specialized community mental health programs on continuity of care. Can J Commun Ment Health 29:23–40 Dewa CS, Jacobson N, Durbin J, Lin E, Zipursky RB, Goering P (2010) Examining the effects of enhanced funding for specialized community mental health programs on continuity of care. Can J Commun Ment Health 29:23–40
go back to reference Fisher WH, Roy-Bunjnowski KM, Grudzinskas AJ, Clayfield JC, Banks SM, Wolff N (2006) Patterns and prevalence of arrest in a statewide cohort of mental health care consumers. Psychiatr Serv 57:1623–1628PubMedCrossRef Fisher WH, Roy-Bunjnowski KM, Grudzinskas AJ, Clayfield JC, Banks SM, Wolff N (2006) Patterns and prevalence of arrest in a statewide cohort of mental health care consumers. Psychiatr Serv 57:1623–1628PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Glaser B, Strauss A (1967) The discovery of grounded theory: strategies for qualitative research Publications of Aldine, Chicago Glaser B, Strauss A (1967) The discovery of grounded theory: strategies for qualitative research Publications of Aldine, Chicago
go back to reference Hoch JS, Hartford K, Heslop L, Stitt L (2009) Mental illness and police interactions in a mid-sized Canadian city: what the data do and do not say. Can J Community Ment Health 28(1):49–66 Hoch JS, Hartford K, Heslop L, Stitt L (2009) Mental illness and police interactions in a mid-sized Canadian city: what the data do and do not say. Can J Community Ment Health 28(1):49–66
go back to reference Hoff RA, Baranosky MV, Buchanan J, Zonana H, Rosenheck RA (1999) The effects of a jail diversion program on incarceration: a retrospective cohort study. J Am Acad Psychiatry Law 27:377–386PubMed Hoff RA, Baranosky MV, Buchanan J, Zonana H, Rosenheck RA (1999) The effects of a jail diversion program on incarceration: a retrospective cohort study. J Am Acad Psychiatry Law 27:377–386PubMed
go back to reference Holcomb W, Ahr P (1988) Arrest rates among young psychiatric patients treated in inpatient and outpatient settings. Hosp Community Psychiatry 39:52–57PubMed Holcomb W, Ahr P (1988) Arrest rates among young psychiatric patients treated in inpatient and outpatient settings. Hosp Community Psychiatry 39:52–57PubMed
go back to reference Kuper A, Reeves S, Levinson W (2008b) An introduction to reading and appraising qualitative research. BMJ 337:a288PubMedCrossRef Kuper A, Reeves S, Levinson W (2008b) An introduction to reading and appraising qualitative research. BMJ 337:a288PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Lamb HR, Weinberger LE (1998) Persons with severe mental illness in jails and prisons: a review. Psychiatr Serv 49:483–492PubMed Lamb HR, Weinberger LE (1998) Persons with severe mental illness in jails and prisons: a review. Psychiatr Serv 49:483–492PubMed
go back to reference Lattimore PK, Broner N, Sherman R, Frisman L, Shafer MS (2003) A comparison of prebooking and postbooking diversion programs for mentally ill substance-using individuals with justice involvement. J Contemp Crim Just 19:30–64CrossRef Lattimore PK, Broner N, Sherman R, Frisman L, Shafer MS (2003) A comparison of prebooking and postbooking diversion programs for mentally ill substance-using individuals with justice involvement. J Contemp Crim Just 19:30–64CrossRef
go back to reference Lingard L, Albert M, Levinson W (2008) Grounded theory, mixed methods, and action research. BMJ 337:a567PubMedCrossRef Lingard L, Albert M, Levinson W (2008) Grounded theory, mixed methods, and action research. BMJ 337:a567PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Linhorst DM, Parks-Linhorst PA, Stiffleman S, Gianino J, Bersen HL, Kelley BJ (2010) Implementing the essential elements of a mental health court: the experiences of a large multijurisdictional suburban county. J Behav Health Serv Res 37:427–442PubMedCrossRef Linhorst DM, Parks-Linhorst PA, Stiffleman S, Gianino J, Bersen HL, Kelley BJ (2010) Implementing the essential elements of a mental health court: the experiences of a large multijurisdictional suburban county. J Behav Health Serv Res 37:427–442PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference McFarland BH, Faulkner LR, Bloom JD, Hallaux RJ (1989) Chronic mental illness and the criminal justice system. Hosp Community Psychiatry 40:718–723PubMed McFarland BH, Faulkner LR, Bloom JD, Hallaux RJ (1989) Chronic mental illness and the criminal justice system. Hosp Community Psychiatry 40:718–723PubMed
go back to reference McNiel DE, Binder RL (2007) Effectiveness of a mental health court in reducing criminal recidivism and violence. Am J Psychiatry 169:1395–1403CrossRef McNiel DE, Binder RL (2007) Effectiveness of a mental health court in reducing criminal recidivism and violence. Am J Psychiatry 169:1395–1403CrossRef
go back to reference McNiel DE, Binder RL (2010) Stakeholder views of a mental health court. Int J Law Psychiatry 33:227–235PubMedCrossRef McNiel DE, Binder RL (2010) Stakeholder views of a mental health court. Int J Law Psychiatry 33:227–235PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Moore ME, Hiday VA (2006) Mental health court outcomes: a comparison of re-arrest and re-arrest severity between mental health court and traditional court participants. Law Hum Behav 30:659–674PubMedCrossRef Moore ME, Hiday VA (2006) Mental health court outcomes: a comparison of re-arrest and re-arrest severity between mental health court and traditional court participants. Law Hum Behav 30:659–674PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Morrissey J, Meyer P, Cuddeback G (2007) Extending assertive community treatment to criminal justice settings: origins, current evidence, and future directions. Community Ment Health J 43:527–544PubMedCrossRef Morrissey J, Meyer P, Cuddeback G (2007) Extending assertive community treatment to criminal justice settings: origins, current evidence, and future directions. Community Ment Health J 43:527–544PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Ontario Ministry of Health, Long-Term Care (2006) A Program framework for: mental health diversion/court support services. Publications of the Ontario Ministry of Health and Long-Term Care, Toronto Ontario Ministry of Health, Long-Term Care (2006) A Program framework for: mental health diversion/court support services. Publications of the Ontario Ministry of Health and Long-Term Care, Toronto
go back to reference Rivas-Vazquez RA, Sarria M, Rey G, Rivas-Vazquez AA, Rodriguez J, Jardon ME (2009) A relationship-based care model for jail diversion. Psychiatr Serv 60:766–771PubMedCrossRef Rivas-Vazquez RA, Sarria M, Rey G, Rivas-Vazquez AA, Rodriguez J, Jardon ME (2009) A relationship-based care model for jail diversion. Psychiatr Serv 60:766–771PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Sarteschi CM (2009) Assessing the effectiveness of mental health courts: a meta-analysis of clinical and recidivism outcomes. Dissertation, University of Pittsburgh, United States. ProQuest Digital Dissertations database (Publication No. UMI 3384946). Accessed 28 January 2011 Sarteschi CM (2009) Assessing the effectiveness of mental health courts: a meta-analysis of clinical and recidivism outcomes. Dissertation, University of Pittsburgh, United States. ProQuest Digital Dissertations database (Publication No. UMI 3384946). Accessed 28 January 2011
go back to reference Schneider RD (2010) Mental health courts and diversion programs: a global survey. Int J Law Psychiatry 33:201–206PubMedCrossRef Schneider RD (2010) Mental health courts and diversion programs: a global survey. Int J Law Psychiatry 33:201–206PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Shafer MS, Arthur B, Franczak MJ (2004) An analysis of post-booking jail diversion programming for persons with co-occurring disorders. Behav Sci Law 22:771–785PubMedCrossRef Shafer MS, Arthur B, Franczak MJ (2004) An analysis of post-booking jail diversion programming for persons with co-occurring disorders. Behav Sci Law 22:771–785PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Sirotich F (2009) The criminal justice outcomes of jail diversion programs for persons with mental illness: a review of the evidence. J Am Acad Psychiatry Law 37:461–472PubMed Sirotich F (2009) The criminal justice outcomes of jail diversion programs for persons with mental illness: a review of the evidence. J Am Acad Psychiatry Law 37:461–472PubMed
go back to reference Steadman HJ, Morris SM, Dennis DL (1995) The diversion of mentally ill persons from jails to community-based services: a profile of programs. Am J Public Health 85:1630–1635PubMedCrossRef Steadman HJ, Morris SM, Dennis DL (1995) The diversion of mentally ill persons from jails to community-based services: a profile of programs. Am J Public Health 85:1630–1635PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Steadman HJ, Cocozza JJ, Veysey BM (1999) Comparing outcomes for diverted and nondiverted jail detainees with mental illness. Law Hum Behav 23:615–627PubMedCrossRef Steadman HJ, Cocozza JJ, Veysey BM (1999) Comparing outcomes for diverted and nondiverted jail detainees with mental illness. Law Hum Behav 23:615–627PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Steadman HJ, Osher FC, Clark Robbins P, Case B, Samuels S (2009) Prevalence of serious mental illness among jail inmates. Psychiatr Serv 60:761–765PubMedCrossRef Steadman HJ, Osher FC, Clark Robbins P, Case B, Samuels S (2009) Prevalence of serious mental illness among jail inmates. Psychiatr Serv 60:761–765PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Trupin E, Richards H (2003) Seattle’s mental health courts: early indicators of effectiveness. Int J Law Psychiatry 26:33–53PubMedCrossRef Trupin E, Richards H (2003) Seattle’s mental health courts: early indicators of effectiveness. Int J Law Psychiatry 26:33–53PubMedCrossRef
Metadata
Title
Lessons from a Canadian province: examining collaborations between the mental health and justice sectors
Authors
Carolyn S. Dewa
Lucy Trojanowski
Chiachen Cheng
Frank Sirotich
Publication date
01-02-2012
Publisher
SP Birkhäuser Verlag Basel
Published in
International Journal of Public Health / Issue 1/2012
Print ISSN: 1661-8556
Electronic ISSN: 1661-8564
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00038-011-0268-2

Other articles of this Issue 1/2012

International Journal of Public Health 1/2012 Go to the issue

Acknowledgement to Reviewers

Acknowledgement