Józef Polikarp Brudziński (Fig. 1) was born into a noble family with patriotic traditions on 26 January 1874 in Bolewo in Płock Governorate [1]. After finishing middle school in Warsaw, Brudziński started his medical studies at the University in Dorpat (currently Tartu in Estonia) in 1891, but in 1894 he moved to Moscow, where he received his medical degree in 1897 and decided to specialize in pediatrics [2]. After graduation, Brudziński went for a 3-year foreign internship. At first, he worked in a pediatric clinic in Cracow (situated at that time in Austro-Hungarian Empire), and then he continued his education in Graz, Paris, London, Berlin and Vienna. During the internship, Brudziński more than once worked with world-renowned scientists and surgeons, including Theodor Escherich, Jacques Granscher and Antion Marfan [3].