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Journal of Diabetes & Metabolic Disorders
Published in: Journal of Diabetes & Metabolic Disorders 1/2022

01-03-2022 | Insulins | Review article

The association of dietary insulin load and index with the risk of cancer and cancer mortality: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Authors: Farshad Teymoori, Ebrahim Mokhtari, Alireza Bahrami, Hossein Farhadnejad, Mina Azadi, Milad Nazarzadeh, Mohammadreza Vafa

Published in: Journal of Diabetes & Metabolic Disorders | Issue 1/2022

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Abstract

Purpose

Insulin levels play an important role in cancer development. However, the link between an insulinogenic diet and cancer is still unclear. Therefore, we performed a systematic review with meta-analysis to investigate the association between dietary insulin index (II) and load (IL) with cancer risk and mortality.

Methods

A comprehensive search between electronic databases (Web of Science, PubMed/Medline, Scopus, and Google Scholar) was conducted to identify relevant studies up to January 2022. The relative risks (RR) and Odds ratios (OR) were extracted from eligible studies, and meta-analysis was performed to calculate the pooled effect size.

Result

12 papers including 14 studies (10 cohorts and 4 case–control) were included for the meta-analysis. Among them, 10 studies reported effect size for the risk of cancer, and 4 studies reported effect size for cancer mortality. We observed no significant association between II and IL with cancer overall (RRII: 1.03, 95%CI: 0.91–1.17, RRIL: 1.16, 95%CI: 0.94–1.42) and in cohort studies, however, in case–control studies was related with higher odds of cancer (ORII: 2.30, 95%CI: 1.21–4.38, ORIL: 2.57, 95%CI: 1.64–4.02). Higher II and IL scores were associated with the increased risk of total (RRII: 1.29, 95%CI: 1.02–1.63) and (RRIL: 1.39, 95%CI: 1.06–1.83) and colorectal cancer mortality (RRII: 1.29, 95%CI: 1.13–1.48) and (RRIL: 1.37, 95%CI: 1.18–1.60).

Conclusion

Higher dietary II and IL were not associated with cancer risk in overall and cohort studies, whereas related with a higher risk of cancer in case–control studies. We observed a significant positive relation of II and IL with cancer mortality, especially CRC mortality.
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Metadata
Title
The association of dietary insulin load and index with the risk of cancer and cancer mortality: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors
Farshad Teymoori
Ebrahim Mokhtari
Alireza Bahrami
Hossein Farhadnejad
Mina Azadi
Milad Nazarzadeh
Mohammadreza Vafa
Publication date
01-03-2022
Publisher
Springer International Publishing
Published in
Journal of Diabetes & Metabolic Disorders / Issue 1/2022
Electronic ISSN: 2251-6581
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s40200-022-01013-3

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