Skip to main content
Key Specialties
Cardiology Diabetology Endocrinology Gastroenterology Geriatrics and Gerontology Gynecology and Obstetrics Hematology Infectious Disease Internal Medicine Nephrology Neurology Oncology Pediatrics Respiratory Medicine Rheumatology Surgery
Congress Coverage
2024 ACC Congress 2023 ESMO Congress 2023 EASD Congress 2023 ERS Congress 2023 ESC Congress
Clinical Collections
Advances in Alzheimer’s

Keynote webinar | Spotlight on medication adherence

LIVE: Thursday 27th June 2024, 18:00-19:30 (CEST)
Join our expert panel to discover why you need to understand the drivers of non-adherence in your patients, and how you can optimize medication adherence in your clinics to drastically improve patient outcomes.
ADVANCED SEARCH
Log in
Top
BMC Oral Health
Published in: BMC Oral Health 1/2023

Open Access 01-12-2023 | Injectable Filler | Research

The effect of water storage on nanoindentation creep of various CAD-CAM composite blocks

Authors: Rasha A. Alamoush, Nesreen A. Salim, Alaaeldin Elraggal, Julian D. Satterthwaite, Nikolaos Silikas

Published in: BMC Oral Health | Issue 1/2023

Login to get access

Abstract

Background

To study the effect of water storage (3 months) on the creep deformation of various CAD-CAM composite structures at the nanoscale and compare it to that at the macroscale.

Methods

Seven CAD-CAM blocks were investigated: five resin-composite blocks (RCB), one polymer-infiltrated ceramic network (PICN) block, and one ceramic-filled polyetheretherketone (PEEK) block. Specimens of each material (n = 6) were separated into two groups (n = 3) according to their storage conditions (24 h dry storage at 23˚C and 3 months storage in 37˚C distilled water). Nano-indentation creep measurements were undertaken (creep depth measured in µm) using a nanoindenter (Nanovea) equipped with Berkovich three-sided pyramidal diamond tip. The machine was set for the chosen parameters: a load of 20 gf, a pause of 20 s, and the material type. Thirty indentations on 3 samples were made for each material for each test. Data were analysed using two-way ANOVA followed by one-way ANOVA and Bonferroni post hoc tests and independent t-test (< 0.05) for comparisons between the materials.

Results

The nanoindentation creep depth after 24 h storage ranged from 0.09 to 0.33 μm and increased after 3 months storage in distilled water to between 0.28 and 3.46 μm. There was a statistically significant difference in nanoindentation creep behaviour between the two storage conditions for each investigated material (independent t-test) and between all materials (Bonferroni post hoc). There was a non-significant negative correlation between nanoindentation creep (µm) and filler weight% at 24 h dry storage but a significant correlation at 3 months of water storage. A further non-significant positive correlation between nanoindentation creep (µm) and bulk compressive creep (%) was found.

Conclusion

The PICN material showed superior dimensional stability in terms of nanoindentation creep depth in both storage conditions. Other composite blocks showed comparable performance at 24 h dry condition, but an increased nanoindentation creep upon water storage.
Literature
1.
Lambert H, Durand J-C, Jacquot B, Fages M. Dental biomaterials for chairside CAD/CAM: state of the art. J Adv Prosthodont 2017, 9(6):486–95.
2.
Fasbinder DJ, Neiva GF. Surface evaluation of polishing techniques for new resilient CAD/CAM restorative materials. J Esthet Restor Dent. 2016;28(1):56–66.PubMedCrossRef
3.
Fasbinder D, Dennison J, Heys D, et al. A clinical evaluation of chairside lithium disilicate CAD/CAM crowns: a two-year report. J Am Dent Assoc. 2010;141:10–4.CrossRef
4.
5.
Phan AC, Tang M-l, Nguyen J-F, Ruse ND, Sadoun M. High-temperature high-pressure polymerized urethane dimethacrylate—mechanical properties and monomer release. Dent Mater. 2014;30(3):350–6.PubMedCrossRef
6.
Coldea A, Swain MV, Thiel N. Mechanical properties of polymer-infiltrated-ceramic-network materials. Dent Mater. 2013;29(4):419–26.PubMedCrossRef
7.
Mainjot AK, Dupont NM, Oudkerk JC, Dewael TY, Sadoun MJ. From Artisanal to CAD-CAM Blocks: state of the art of Indirect Composites. J Dent Res. 2016;95(5):487–95.PubMedCrossRef
8.
Alamoush R, Satterthwaite A, Silikas JD, Watts N. Viscoelastic stability of pre-cured resin-composite CAD/CAM structures. Dent Mater. 2019;35(8):1166–72.PubMedCrossRef
9.
10.
Nguyen J-F, Migonney V, Ruse ND, Sadoun M. Resin composite blocks via high-pressure high-temperature polymerization. Dent Mater. 2012;28(5):529–34.PubMedCrossRef
11.
Stawarczyk B, Sener B, Trottmann A, Roos M, Ozcan M, Hammerle CH. Discoloration of manually fabricated resins and industrially fabricated CAD/CAM blocks versus glass-ceramic: effect of storage media, duration, and subsequent polishing. Dent Mater J. 2012;31(3):377–83.PubMedCrossRef
12.
Giordano R. Materials for chairside CAD/CAM produced restorations. J Am Dent Assoc. 2006;137(9):14S–21S.PubMedCrossRef
13.
Alt V, Hannig M, Wostmann B, Balkenhol M. Fracture strength of temporary fixed partial dentures: CAD/CAM versus directly fabricated restorations. Dent Mater. 2011;27(4):339–47.PubMedCrossRef
14.
Stawarczyk B, Özcan M, Trottmann A, Schmutz F, Roos M, Hämmerle C. Two-body wear rate of CAD/CAM resin blocks and their enamel antagonists. J Prosthet Dent. 2013;109(5):325–32.PubMedCrossRef
15.
16.
Della Bona A, Corazza PH, Zhang Y. Characterization of a polymer-infiltrated ceramic-network material. Dent Mater. 2014;30(5):564–9.PubMedCrossRef
17.
Swain MV, Coldea A, Bilkhair A, Guess PC. Interpenetrating network ceramic-resin composite dental restorative materials. Dent Mater. 2016;32(1):34–42.PubMedCrossRef
18.
19.
Mehta J, Sachdeva M, Dalaya M. Peek: a New Peak of Dentistry. Int J Curr Med Pharm Res. 2019;05(01):4020–3.
20.
Vaidyanathan J, Vaidyanathan TK. Flexural creep deformation and recovery in dental composites. J Dent. 2001;29(8):545–51.PubMedCrossRef
21.
He LH, Swain M. A novel polymer infiltrated ceramic dental material. Dent Mater. 2011;27(6):527–34.PubMedCrossRef
22.
Alrahlah A, Khan R, Alotaibi K, Almutawa Z, Fouad H, Elsharawy M, Silikas N. Simultaneous evaluation of Creep deformation and recovery of bulk-fill Dental Composites Immersed in Food-Simulating liquids. Mater (Basel Switzerland) 2018, 11(7).
23.
Wei YJ, Silikas N, Zhang ZT, Watts DC. Diffusion and concurrent solubility of self-adhering and new resin-matrix composites during water sorption/desorption cycles. Dent Mater. 2011;27(2):197–205.PubMedCrossRef
24.
El-Safty S, Silikas N, Watts DC. Temperature-dependence of creep behaviour of dental resin-composites. J Dent. 2013;41(4):287–96.PubMedCrossRef
25.
Al-Ahdal K, Silikas N, Watts DC. Development of viscoelastic stability of resin-composites incorporating novel matrices. Dent Mater. 2015;31(12):1561–6.PubMedCrossRef
26.
Lucas BN, Oliver WC. Indentation power-law creep of high-purity indium. Metall Mater Trans A. 1999;30(3):601–10.CrossRef
27.
Masouras K, Akhtar R, Watts DC, Silikas N. Effect of filler size and shape on local nanoindentation modulus of resin-composites. J Mater Sci: Mater Med. 2008;19:3561–6.PubMed
28.
Fischer-Cripps AC. Nanoindentation, Mechanical Engineering in. edn.: LLC: Springer Science + Business Media; 2011. pp. 21–37.CrossRef
29.
Alamoush RA, Silikas N, Salim NA, Al-Nasrawi S, Satterthwaite JD. Effect of the composition of CAD/CAM Composite Blocks on Mechanical Properties. Biomed Res Int. 2018;2018:4893143–3.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
30.
Oliver WC, Pharr GM. Nanoindentation in materials research: past, present, and future. MRS Bull. 2011;35(11):897–907.CrossRef
31.
Oliver WC, Pharr GM. An improved technique for determining hardness and elastic modulus using load and displacement sensing indentation experiments. J Mater Res. 1992;7(06):1564–83.CrossRef
32.
He L-H, Swain MV. Nanoindentation creep behavior of human enamel. J Biomed Mater Res Part A. 2009;91A(2):352–9.CrossRef
33.
34.
Musanje L, Darvell BW. Aspects of water sorption from the air, water and artificial saliva in resin composite restorative materials. Dent Mater. 2003;19(5):414–22.PubMedCrossRef
35.
ISO10993-13. : Biological evaluation of medical devices —Part 13: identification and quantification of degradation products from polymeric medical devices. 2010.
36.
Sarrett DC. Clinical challenges and the relevance of materials testing for posterior composite restorations. Dent Mater. 2005;21(1):9–20.PubMedCrossRef
37.
Alamoush RA, Salim NA, Silikas N, Satterthwaite JD. Long-term hydrolytic stability of CAD/CAM composite blocks. Eur J Oral Sci. 2022;130(1):e12834.PubMedCrossRef
38.
Ferracane JL, Berge HX, Condon JR. In vitro aging of dental composites in water–effect of degree of conversion, filler volume, and filler/matrix coupling. J Biomed Mater Res. 1998;42(3):465–72.PubMedCrossRef
39.
Ferracane JL. Elution of leachable components from composites. J Oral Rehabil. 1994;21(4):441–52.PubMedCrossRef
40.
Fuchs F, Schmidtke J, Hahnel S, Koenig A. The influence of different storage media on Vickers hardness and surface roughness of CAD/CAM resin composites. J Mater Science: Mater Med. 2023;34(3):13.
41.
Coldea A, Swain MV, Thiel N. Hertzian contact response and damage tolerance of dental ceramics. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater. 2014;34:124–33.PubMedCrossRef
42.
Yamaguchi S, Inoue S, Sakai T, Abe T, Kitagawa H, Imazato S. Multi-scale analysis of the effect of nano-filler particle diameter on the physical properties of CAD/CAM composite resin blocks. Comput Methods Biomech Biomed Engin. 2017;20(7):714–9.PubMedCrossRef
43.
El-Safty S, Silikas N, Watts DC. Creep deformation of restorative resin-composites intended for bulk-fill placement. Dent Mater. 2012;28(8):928–35.PubMedCrossRef
44.
Hampe R, Lümkemann N, Sener B, Stawarczyk B. The effect of artificial aging on Martens hardness and indentation modulus of different dental CAD/CAM restorative materials. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater. 2018;86:191–8.PubMedCrossRef
45.
Rosentritt M, Hahnel S, Schneider-Feyrer S, Strasser T, Schmid A. Martens hardness of CAD/CAM Resin-Based composites. Appl Sci. 2022;12(15):7698.CrossRef
46.
Yamaguchi S, Kani R, Kawakami K, Tsuji M, Inoue S, Lee C, Kiba W, Imazato S. Fatigue behavior and crack initiation of CAD/CAM resin composite molar crowns. Dent Mater. 2018;34(10):1578–84.PubMedCrossRef
47.
Alcala J, Giannakopoulos AE, Suresh S. Continuous measurements of load–penetration curves with spherical microindenters and the estimation of mechanical properties. J Mater Res. 1998;13:1390–1340.CrossRef
48.
Nayif MM, Nakajima M, Foxton RM, Tagami J. Effect of light irradiation time on the mechanical properties of two flowable composites with different initiation systems in bonded and unbonded cavities. Dent Mater J. 2007;26(5):687–93.PubMedCrossRef
49.
Shuang Y, Yong Z, Kaiyang Z. Analysis of nanoindentation creep for polymeric materials. J Appl Phys. 2004;95(7):3655–66.CrossRef
50.
Zhang Z, Li Y, Wu W. Effects of loading rate and peak load on nanoindentation creep behavior of DD407Ni-base single crystal superalloy. Trans Nonferrous MetSoc China. 2022;32(1):206–16.CrossRef
Metadata
Title
The effect of water storage on nanoindentation creep of various CAD-CAM composite blocks
Authors
Rasha A. Alamoush
Nesreen A. Salim
Alaaeldin Elraggal
Julian D. Satterthwaite
Nikolaos Silikas
Publication date
01-12-2023
Publisher
BioMed Central
Published in
BMC Oral Health / Issue 1/2023
Electronic ISSN: 1472-6831
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12903-023-03145-1

Other articles of this Issue 1/2023

BMC Oral Health 1/2023 Go to the issue

Research

Association between long working hours and unmet dental needs in wage workers

Research

Efficiency and complications in root canal retreatment using nickel titanium rotary file with continuous rotation, reciprocating, or adaptive motion in curved root canals: a laboratory investigation

Research

Tomographic analysis of relationship of mandibular morphology and third molars eruption

Research

Change in surface properties of two different dental resin composites after using various beverages and brushing

Research

The effect of periapical bone defects on stress distribution in teeth with periapical periodontitis: a finite element analysis

Research

Tongue Mucoceles: a retrospective clinic-pathological evaluation of 240 cases