Published in:
01-07-2005 | Experimental
Inhibition of inflammatory responses by FC-77, a perfluorochemical, in lipopolysaccharide-treated RAW 264.7 macrophages
Published in: Intensive Care Medicine | Issue 7/2005
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Objective
This study tested whether FC-77, a perfluorochemical, inhibits inflammatory responses in lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages. The possible anti-inflammatory mechanisms involved were also investigated.
Methods
RAW 264.7 macrophages were simultaneously incubated with pure FC-77 at final volume of 10% or 30% (v/v) and LPS (1 µg/ml) for 12 or 24 h on a mechanical shaker. In some tests FC-77 was added after cells stimulated by LPS for 12 h. Then the levels of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), and interleukins (IL)-1β, -6), and -10 were measured in medium. Alterations in cyclooxygenase (COX) 2 expression and nuclear transcription factor (NF) κB activation in cells were also evaluated.
Results
Pre- or posttreatment with FC-77 dose-dependently reduced the LPS-induced TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 formation and enhanced IL-10 production compared to LPS-stimulated alone cells. FC-77 also attenuated the LPS-induced PGE2 formation accompanied by suppressing COX-2 expression, the degradation of cytosolic inhibitor of κB-α and NF-κB activation.
Conclusions
FC-77 inhibits inflammatory responses in LPS-stimulated macrophages by a mechanism that involves the attenuation of NF-κB dependent induction of COX-2/PGE2 pathway and the pro- /anti-inflammatory cytokine ratio.