Skip to main content
Top
Published in: International Urogynecology Journal 10/2009

01-10-2009 | Original Article

Influence of maternal weight on the new onset of stress urinary incontinence in pregnant women

Authors: Irene Diez-Itza, Larraitz Ibañez, Miren Arrue, Jone Paredes, Arantzazu Murgiondo, Cristina Sarasqueta

Published in: International Urogynecology Journal | Issue 10/2009

Login to get access

Abstract

Introduction and hypothesis

The aim of the study was to investigate the incidence and severity of stress urinary incontinence (SUI) in primigravid women at term and its association with maternal body weight.

Methods

This was an observational study of 458 primigravid women who came to give birth at Donostia Hospital during 2007. Urinary symptoms were investigated (2002 ICS definitions), and a physical examination including height, weight, pelvic floor muscle strength, and fetal presentation was performed. We calculated the incontinence severity index (ISI) and the women answered the International Consultation on Incontinence short form questionnaire.

Results

SUI affected 139 (30.3%) primigravid women. The ISI distribution was 40.3% slight, 54.7% moderate, 4.3% severe, and 0.7% very severe. Pregnant women at term with body weight ≥75 kg appear to have more than doubled the risk of presenting SUI.

Conclusions

The incidence of SUI is high in pregnancy. Increased maternal body weight at term is an independent risk factor for incontinence.
Literature
1.
go back to reference Stanton SL, Kerr-Wilson R, Grant Harris V (1980) The incidence of urological symptoms in normal pregnancy. Br J Obstet Gynecol 87:897–900 Stanton SL, Kerr-Wilson R, Grant Harris V (1980) The incidence of urological symptoms in normal pregnancy. Br J Obstet Gynecol 87:897–900
2.
go back to reference Viktrup L, Lose G, Rolf M, Barfoed K (1993) The frequency of urinary symptoms during pregnancy and puerperium in the primipara. Int Urogynecol J 4:27–30CrossRef Viktrup L, Lose G, Rolf M, Barfoed K (1993) The frequency of urinary symptoms during pregnancy and puerperium in the primipara. Int Urogynecol J 4:27–30CrossRef
3.
go back to reference Chaliha C, Kalia V, Stanton SL, Monga A, Sultan AH (1999) Antenatal prediction of postpartum urinary and fecal incontinence. Obstet Gynecol 94:689–694PubMedCrossRef Chaliha C, Kalia V, Stanton SL, Monga A, Sultan AH (1999) Antenatal prediction of postpartum urinary and fecal incontinence. Obstet Gynecol 94:689–694PubMedCrossRef
4.
go back to reference Grutz A, Gordon D, Keidar R, Lessing JB, Wolman I, David MP et al (1999) Stress urinary incontinence: prevalence among nulliparous compared with primiparous and grand multiparous premenopausal women. Neurourol Urodyn 18:419–425CrossRef Grutz A, Gordon D, Keidar R, Lessing JB, Wolman I, David MP et al (1999) Stress urinary incontinence: prevalence among nulliparous compared with primiparous and grand multiparous premenopausal women. Neurourol Urodyn 18:419–425CrossRef
5.
go back to reference van Brummen HJ, Bruinse HW, van der Bom JG, Heintz AP, van der Vaart CH (2006) How do the prevalences of urogenital symptoms change during pregnancy? Neurourol Urodyn 25:135–139PubMedCrossRef van Brummen HJ, Bruinse HW, van der Bom JG, Heintz AP, van der Vaart CH (2006) How do the prevalences of urogenital symptoms change during pregnancy? Neurourol Urodyn 25:135–139PubMedCrossRef
6.
go back to reference Wesnes SL, Rortveit G, Bo K, Hunskaar S (2007) Urinary incontinence during pregnancy. Obstet Gynecol 109:922–928PubMed Wesnes SL, Rortveit G, Bo K, Hunskaar S (2007) Urinary incontinence during pregnancy. Obstet Gynecol 109:922–928PubMed
7.
go back to reference Dolan LM, Walsh D, Hamilton S, Marshall K, Thomson K, Ashe RG (2004) A study of quality of life in primigravidae with urinary incontinence. Int Urogynecol J 15:160–164CrossRef Dolan LM, Walsh D, Hamilton S, Marshall K, Thomson K, Ashe RG (2004) A study of quality of life in primigravidae with urinary incontinence. Int Urogynecol J 15:160–164CrossRef
8.
go back to reference King JK, Freeman RM (1998) Is antenatal bladder neck mobility a risk factor for postpartum stress incontinence? Br J Obstet Gynecol 105:1300–1307 King JK, Freeman RM (1998) Is antenatal bladder neck mobility a risk factor for postpartum stress incontinence? Br J Obstet Gynecol 105:1300–1307
9.
go back to reference Burgio KL, Zyczynski H, Locher JL, Richter HE, Redden DT (2003) Urinary incontinence in the 12-month postpartum period. Obstet Gynecol 102:1291–1298PubMedCrossRef Burgio KL, Zyczynski H, Locher JL, Richter HE, Redden DT (2003) Urinary incontinence in the 12-month postpartum period. Obstet Gynecol 102:1291–1298PubMedCrossRef
10.
go back to reference Viktrup L, Rortveit G, Lose G (2006) Risk of stress urinary incontinence twelve years after the first pregnancy and delivery. Obstet Gynecol 108:248–254PubMed Viktrup L, Rortveit G, Lose G (2006) Risk of stress urinary incontinence twelve years after the first pregnancy and delivery. Obstet Gynecol 108:248–254PubMed
11.
go back to reference Unemori EN, Amento EP (1990) Relaxin modulates synthesis and secretion of procollagenase and collagen by human dermal fibroblasts. J Biol Chem 265:10681–10685PubMed Unemori EN, Amento EP (1990) Relaxin modulates synthesis and secretion of procollagenase and collagen by human dermal fibroblasts. J Biol Chem 265:10681–10685PubMed
12.
go back to reference Hvidman L, Foldspang A, Mommsen S, Nielsen JB (2002) Correlates of urinary incontinence in pregnancy. Int Urogynecol J 13:278–283CrossRef Hvidman L, Foldspang A, Mommsen S, Nielsen JB (2002) Correlates of urinary incontinence in pregnancy. Int Urogynecol J 13:278–283CrossRef
13.
go back to reference Hannestad YS, Rortveit G, Sandvik H, Hunskaar S (2000) A community-based epidemiological survey of female urinary incontinence: the Norwegian EPINCONT Study. Epidemiology of Incontinence in the County of Nord-Trøndelag. J Clin Epidemiol 53:1150–1157PubMedCrossRef Hannestad YS, Rortveit G, Sandvik H, Hunskaar S (2000) A community-based epidemiological survey of female urinary incontinence: the Norwegian EPINCONT Study. Epidemiology of Incontinence in the County of Nord-Trøndelag. J Clin Epidemiol 53:1150–1157PubMedCrossRef
14.
go back to reference Rortveit G, Hannestad YS, Daltveit AK, Hunskaar S (2001) Age- and type-dependent effects of parity on urinary incontinence: the Norwegian EPINCONT Study. Obstet Gynecol 98:1004–1010PubMedCrossRef Rortveit G, Hannestad YS, Daltveit AK, Hunskaar S (2001) Age- and type-dependent effects of parity on urinary incontinence: the Norwegian EPINCONT Study. Obstet Gynecol 98:1004–1010PubMedCrossRef
15.
go back to reference Chiarelli P, Brown W, McElduff P (1999) Leaking urine: prevalence and associated factors in Australian women. Neurourol Urodyn 18:567–577PubMedCrossRef Chiarelli P, Brown W, McElduff P (1999) Leaking urine: prevalence and associated factors in Australian women. Neurourol Urodyn 18:567–577PubMedCrossRef
16.
go back to reference Scarpa KP, Herrmann V, Palma PCR, Riccetto CLZ, Morais SS (2006) Prevalence and correlates of stress urinary incontinence during pregnancy: a survey at UNICAMP Medical School, Sao Paulo, Brazil. Int Urogynecol J 17:219–223CrossRef Scarpa KP, Herrmann V, Palma PCR, Riccetto CLZ, Morais SS (2006) Prevalence and correlates of stress urinary incontinence during pregnancy: a survey at UNICAMP Medical School, Sao Paulo, Brazil. Int Urogynecol J 17:219–223CrossRef
17.
go back to reference Burgio KL, Locher JL, Zyczynski H, Hardin JM, Singh K (1996) Urinary incontinence during pregnancy in a racially mixed sample: characteristics and predisposing factors. Int Urogynecol J 7:69–73CrossRef Burgio KL, Locher JL, Zyczynski H, Hardin JM, Singh K (1996) Urinary incontinence during pregnancy in a racially mixed sample: characteristics and predisposing factors. Int Urogynecol J 7:69–73CrossRef
18.
go back to reference Hunskaar S, Burgio K, Clark A, Lapitain MC, Nelson R, Sillen U, Thom D (2005) Epidemiology of urinary (UI) and faecal (FI) incontinence and pelvic organ prolapse. In: Abrams P, Cardozo L, Khoury S, Wein A (eds) Incontinence: 3rd International Consultation on Incontinence. Health Publication, Plymouth, pp 257–311 Hunskaar S, Burgio K, Clark A, Lapitain MC, Nelson R, Sillen U, Thom D (2005) Epidemiology of urinary (UI) and faecal (FI) incontinence and pelvic organ prolapse. In: Abrams P, Cardozo L, Khoury S, Wein A (eds) Incontinence: 3rd International Consultation on Incontinence. Health Publication, Plymouth, pp 257–311
19.
go back to reference Chiarelli P, Campbell E (1997) Incontinence during pregnancy. Prevalence and opportunities for continence promotion. Aust N Z J Obstet Gynecol 37:66–73CrossRef Chiarelli P, Campbell E (1997) Incontinence during pregnancy. Prevalence and opportunities for continence promotion. Aust N Z J Obstet Gynecol 37:66–73CrossRef
20.
go back to reference Abrams P, Cardozo L, Fall M, Griffiths D, Rosier P, Ulmsten U et al (2002) The standardisation of terminology of lower urinary tract function: report from the Standardisation Sub-committee of the International Continence Society. Neurourol Urodyn 21:167–178PubMedCrossRef Abrams P, Cardozo L, Fall M, Griffiths D, Rosier P, Ulmsten U et al (2002) The standardisation of terminology of lower urinary tract function: report from the Standardisation Sub-committee of the International Continence Society. Neurourol Urodyn 21:167–178PubMedCrossRef
21.
go back to reference Sandvik H, Seim A, Vanvik A, Hunskaar S (2000) A severity index for epidemiological surveys of female urinary incontinence: comparison with 48-hour pad-weighing tests. Neurourol Urodyn 19:137–145PubMedCrossRef Sandvik H, Seim A, Vanvik A, Hunskaar S (2000) A severity index for epidemiological surveys of female urinary incontinence: comparison with 48-hour pad-weighing tests. Neurourol Urodyn 19:137–145PubMedCrossRef
22.
go back to reference Sandvik H, Espuña M, Hunskaar S (2006) Validity of the incontinence severity index: comparison with pad-weighing test. Int Urogynecol J 17:520–524CrossRef Sandvik H, Espuña M, Hunskaar S (2006) Validity of the incontinence severity index: comparison with pad-weighing test. Int Urogynecol J 17:520–524CrossRef
23.
go back to reference Espuña Pons M, Rebollo Alvarez P, Puig Clota M (2004) Validation of the Spanish version of the International Consultation on Incontinence questionnaire-short form. A questionnaire for assessing the urinary incontinence. Med Clin (Barc) 122:288–292CrossRef Espuña Pons M, Rebollo Alvarez P, Puig Clota M (2004) Validation of the Spanish version of the International Consultation on Incontinence questionnaire-short form. A questionnaire for assessing the urinary incontinence. Med Clin (Barc) 122:288–292CrossRef
24.
go back to reference Avery K, Donovan J, Peters TJ, Shaw C, Gotoh M, Abrams P (2004) ICIQ: a brief and robust measure for evaluating the symptoms and impact of urinary incontinence. Neurourol Urodyn 23:322–330PubMedCrossRef Avery K, Donovan J, Peters TJ, Shaw C, Gotoh M, Abrams P (2004) ICIQ: a brief and robust measure for evaluating the symptoms and impact of urinary incontinence. Neurourol Urodyn 23:322–330PubMedCrossRef
25.
go back to reference Frawley HC, Galea MP, Phillips BA, Sherburn M, Bø K (2006) Reliability of pelvic floor muscle strength assessment using different test positions and tools. Neurourol Urodyn 25:236–242PubMedCrossRef Frawley HC, Galea MP, Phillips BA, Sherburn M, Bø K (2006) Reliability of pelvic floor muscle strength assessment using different test positions and tools. Neurourol Urodyn 25:236–242PubMedCrossRef
26.
go back to reference Kristianson P, Samuelsson E, von Schoultz B, Svardsudd K (2001) Reproductive hormones and stress urinary incontinence in pregnancy. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand 80:1125–1130CrossRef Kristianson P, Samuelsson E, von Schoultz B, Svardsudd K (2001) Reproductive hormones and stress urinary incontinence in pregnancy. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand 80:1125–1130CrossRef
Metadata
Title
Influence of maternal weight on the new onset of stress urinary incontinence in pregnant women
Authors
Irene Diez-Itza
Larraitz Ibañez
Miren Arrue
Jone Paredes
Arantzazu Murgiondo
Cristina Sarasqueta
Publication date
01-10-2009
Publisher
Springer-Verlag
Published in
International Urogynecology Journal / Issue 10/2009
Print ISSN: 0937-3462
Electronic ISSN: 1433-3023
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00192-009-0923-9

Other articles of this Issue 10/2009

International Urogynecology Journal 10/2009 Go to the issue