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Clinical and Translational Medicine
Published in: Clinical and Translational Medicine 1/2015

Open Access 01-12-2015 | Review

Inflammation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and its role in cardiovascular disease and lung cancer

Author: Paul T King

Published in: Clinical and Translational Medicine | Issue 1/2015

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Abstract

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is characterized by lung inflammation that persists after smoking cessation. This inflammation is heterogeneous but the key inflammatory cell types involved are macrophages, neutrophils and T cells. Other lung cells may also produce inflammatory mediators, particularly the epithelial cells. The main inflammatory mediators include tumor necrosis factor alpha, interleukin-1, interleukin-6, reactive oxygen species and proteases. COPD is also associated with systemic inflammation and there is a markedly increased risk of cardiovascular disease (particularly coronary artery disease) and lung cancer in patients with COPD. There is strong associative evidence that the inflammatory cells/mediators in COPD are also relevant to the development of cardiovascular disease and lung cancer. There are a large number of potential inhibitors of inflammation in COPD that may well have beneficial effects for these comorbidities. This is a not well-understood area and there is a requirement for more definitive clinical and mechanistic studies to define the relationship between the inflammatory process of COPD and cardiovascular disease and lung cancer.
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Metadata
Title
Inflammation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and its role in cardiovascular disease and lung cancer
Author
Paul T King
Publication date
01-12-2015
Publisher
Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Published in
Clinical and Translational Medicine / Issue 1/2015
Electronic ISSN: 2001-1326
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/s40169-015-0068-z

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