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Behavioral and Brain Functions
Published in: Behavioral and Brain Functions 1/2013

Open Access 01-12-2013 | Research

Individual differences in non-symbolic numerical abilities predict mathematical achievements but contradict ATOM

Authors: Christian Agrillo, Laura Piffer, Andrea Adriano

Published in: Behavioral and Brain Functions | Issue 1/2013

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Abstract

Background

A significant debate surrounds the nature of the cognitive mechanisms involved in non-symbolic number estimation. Several studies have suggested the existence of the same cognitive system for estimation of time, space, and number, called “a theory of magnitude” (ATOM). In addition, researchers have proposed the theory that non-symbolic number abilities might support our mathematical skills. Despite the large number of studies carried out, no firm conclusions can be drawn on either topic.

Methods

In the present study, we correlated the performance of adults on non-symbolic magnitude estimations and symbolic numerical tasks. Non-symbolic magnitude abilities were assessed by asking participants to estimate which auditory tone lasted longer (time), which line was longer (space), and which group of dots was more numerous (number). To assess symbolic numerical abilities, participants were required to perform mental calculations and mathematical reasoning.

Results

We found a positive correlation between non-symbolic and symbolic numerical abilities. On the other hand, no correlation was found among non-symbolic estimations of time, space, and number.

Conclusions

Our study supports the idea that mathematical abilities rely on rudimentary numerical skills that predate verbal language. By contrast, the lack of correlation among non-symbolic estimations of time, space, and number is incompatible with the idea that these magnitudes are entirely processed by the same cognitive system.
Appendix
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Metadata
Title
Individual differences in non-symbolic numerical abilities predict mathematical achievements but contradict ATOM
Authors
Christian Agrillo
Laura Piffer
Andrea Adriano
Publication date
01-12-2013
Publisher
BioMed Central
Published in
Behavioral and Brain Functions / Issue 1/2013
Electronic ISSN: 1744-9081
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/1744-9081-9-26

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