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01-10-2013

Impaired neurogenesis and neurite outgrowth in an HIV-gp120 transgenic model is reversed by exercise via BDNF production and Cdk5 regulation

Authors: Myoung-Hwa Lee, Niranjana D. Amin, Arun Venkatesan, Tongguang Wang, Richa Tyagi, Harish C. Pant, Avindra Nath

Published in: Journal of NeuroVirology | Issue 5/2013

Abstract

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection-associated neurocognitive disorders is accompanied with brain atrophy. In these patients, impairment of adult neurogenesis and neurite outgrowth in the hippocampus may contribute to cognitive dysfunction. Although running exercises can enhance neurogenesis and normalize neurite outgrowth, the underlying molecular mechanisms are not well understood. The HIV envelope protein, gp120, has been shown to impair neurogenesis. Using a gp120 transgenic mouse model, we demonstrate that exercise stimulated neural progenitor cell (NPC) proliferation in the hippocampal dentate gyrus and increased the survival rate and generation of newborn cells. However, sustained exercise activity was necessary as the effects were reversed by detraining. Exercise also normalized dendritic outgrowth of neurons. Furthermore, it increased the expression of hippocampal brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and normalized hyperactivation of cyclin-dependent kinase 5 (Cdk5). Hyperactivated Cdk5 or gp120 treatment led to aberrant neurite outgrowth and BDNF treatment normalized the neurite outgrowth in NPC cultures. These results suggest that sustained exercise has trophic activity on the neuronal lineage which is mediated by Cdk5 modulation of the BDNF pathway.

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Title: Impaired neurogenesis and neurite outgrowth in an HIV-gp120 transgenic model is reversed by exercise via BDNF production and Cdk5 regulation
Authors: Myoung-Hwa Lee
Niranjana D. Amin
Arun Venkatesan
Tongguang Wang
Richa Tyagi
Harish C. Pant
Avindra Nath
Publication date: 01-10-2013
Publisher: Springer US
Published in: Journal of NeuroVirology / Issue 5/2013
Print ISSN: 1355-0284
Electronic ISSN: 1538-2443
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13365-013-0194-6

Keynote webinar | Spotlight on medication adherence

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Impaired neurogenesis and neurite outgrowth in an HIV-gp120 transgenic model is reversed by exercise via BDNF production and Cdk5 regulation

Abstract

Keynote webinar | Spotlight on medication adherence

Springer Medicine

Abstract

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