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Japanese Journal of Radiology
Published in: Japanese Journal of Radiology 9/2022

Open Access 07-05-2022 | Original Article

Impact of tissue properties on time-dependent alterations in apparent diffusion coefficient: a phantom study using oscillating-gradient spin-echo and pulsed-gradient spin-echo sequences

Authors: Kazushige Ichikawa, Toshiaki Taoka, Masanori Ozaki, Mayuko Sakai, Hiroshi Yamaguchi, Shinji Naganawa

Published in: Japanese Journal of Radiology | Issue 9/2022

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Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this study was to investigate whether the changes in apparent diffusion coefficients (ADCs) due to differences in diffusion time reflect tissue properties in actual measurements of phantoms.

Materials and methods

Various n-alkane phantoms and sucrose/collagen phantoms with various collagen densities were set up with and without polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) foam with an average pore diameter of 300 μm. Thus, n-alkanes or sucrose/collagen represented substrate viscosity and the presence of PVA foam represented tissue structure with septum. Diffusion-weighted images with various diffusion times (7.71–60 ms) were acquired using pulsed-gradient spin-echo (PGSE) and oscillating-gradient spin-echo (OGSE) sequences. The ADCs of the phantoms with and without PVA foam were calculated.

Results

The ADCs of some of the phantoms without PVA decreased with diffusion times decreased. In the n-alkane phantoms, only C8H18 showed significantly different ADCs depending on the use of PVA foam in the OGSE sequence. On the other hand, sucrose/collagen phantoms showed significant differences according to diffusion time. The ADCs of the phantoms decreased as the molecular size of the n-alkanes or collagen density of the sucrose/collagen phantom increased. Compared to phantoms without PVA foam, the ADC of the phantoms with PVA foam decreased as the diffusion time increased.

Conclusion

Changes in ADCs due to differences in diffusion time reflect tissue properties in actual measurements of phantoms. These changes in ADCs can be used for tissue characterization in vivo.
Appendix
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Metadata
Title
Impact of tissue properties on time-dependent alterations in apparent diffusion coefficient: a phantom study using oscillating-gradient spin-echo and pulsed-gradient spin-echo sequences
Authors
Kazushige Ichikawa
Toshiaki Taoka
Masanori Ozaki
Mayuko Sakai
Hiroshi Yamaguchi
Shinji Naganawa
Publication date
07-05-2022
Publisher
Springer Nature Singapore
Published in
Japanese Journal of Radiology / Issue 9/2022
Print ISSN: 1867-1071
Electronic ISSN: 1867-108X
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11604-022-01281-2

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