Skip to main content
Top
Published in: Pediatric Radiology 4/2010

01-04-2010 | Review

Imaging of the transplant liver

Author: Paul Sheppard Babyn

Published in: Pediatric Radiology | Issue 4/2010

Login to get access

Abstract

As the number of patients with liver transplants continues to increase, radiologists need to be aware of the normal post-operative appearance of the different liver transplants currently performed along with the wide variety of complications encountered. The complications commonly affect the biliar and vascular systems and can include anastomotic bile leakage and biliary stenosis along with stenosis or obstruction of the hepatic artery, portal or hepatic veins and IVC. Other complications include parenchymal abnormalities such as hepatic infarction, organ rejection, localized collections and post transplant lymphoproliferative disorder. This article reviews and illustrates the role of imaging for pediatric transplantation including the role of interventional radiology.
Literature
1.
go back to reference Otte JB (2002) History of pediatric liver transplantation. Where are we coming from? Where do we stand? Pediatr Transplant 6(5):378–387CrossRefPubMed Otte JB (2002) History of pediatric liver transplantation. Where are we coming from? Where do we stand? Pediatr Transplant 6(5):378–387CrossRefPubMed
2.
go back to reference Ryckman FC, Bucuvalas JC et al (2008) Outcomes following liver transplantation. Semin Pediatr Surg 17(2):123–130CrossRefPubMed Ryckman FC, Bucuvalas JC et al (2008) Outcomes following liver transplantation. Semin Pediatr Surg 17(2):123–130CrossRefPubMed
3.
go back to reference Westra SJ, Zaninovic AC et al (1993) Imaging in pediatric liver transplantation. Radiographics 13(5):1081–1099PubMed Westra SJ, Zaninovic AC et al (1993) Imaging in pediatric liver transplantation. Radiographics 13(5):1081–1099PubMed
4.
go back to reference Ametani F, Itoh K et al (2001) Spectrum of CT findings in pediatric patients after partial liver transplantation. Radiographics 21(1):53–63PubMed Ametani F, Itoh K et al (2001) Spectrum of CT findings in pediatric patients after partial liver transplantation. Radiographics 21(1):53–63PubMed
5.
go back to reference Sahani D, D’Souza R et al (2004) Evaluation of living liver transplant donors: method for precise anatomic definition by using a dedicated contrast-enhanced MR imaging protocol. Radiographics 24(4):957–967CrossRefPubMed Sahani D, D’Souza R et al (2004) Evaluation of living liver transplant donors: method for precise anatomic definition by using a dedicated contrast-enhanced MR imaging protocol. Radiographics 24(4):957–967CrossRefPubMed
6.
7.
go back to reference Fulcher AS, Turner MA (1999) Orthotopic liver transplantation: evaluation with MR cholangiography. Radiology 211(3):715–722PubMed Fulcher AS, Turner MA (1999) Orthotopic liver transplantation: evaluation with MR cholangiography. Radiology 211(3):715–722PubMed
8.
go back to reference Sheng R, Ramirez CB et al (1996) Biliary stones and sludge in liver transplant patients: a 13-year experience. Radiology 198(1):243–247PubMed Sheng R, Ramirez CB et al (1996) Biliary stones and sludge in liver transplant patients: a 13-year experience. Radiology 198(1):243–247PubMed
9.
go back to reference Uribe M, Hunter B et al (2009) Posttransplant lymphoproliferative disorder in pediatric liver transplantation. Transplant Proc 41(6):2679–2681CrossRefPubMed Uribe M, Hunter B et al (2009) Posttransplant lymphoproliferative disorder in pediatric liver transplantation. Transplant Proc 41(6):2679–2681CrossRefPubMed
10.
go back to reference Caiado AH, Blasbalg R et al (2007) Complications of liver transplantation: multimodality imaging approach. Radiographics 27(5):1401–1417CrossRefPubMed Caiado AH, Blasbalg R et al (2007) Complications of liver transplantation: multimodality imaging approach. Radiographics 27(5):1401–1417CrossRefPubMed
11.
go back to reference Crossin JD, Muradali D et al (2003) US of liver transplants: normal and abnormal. Radiographics 23(5):1093–1114CrossRefPubMed Crossin JD, Muradali D et al (2003) US of liver transplants: normal and abnormal. Radiographics 23(5):1093–1114CrossRefPubMed
12.
go back to reference Garcia-Criado A, Gilabert R et al (2009) Doppler ultrasound findings in the hepatic artery shortly after liver transplantation. AJR 193(1):128–135CrossRefPubMed Garcia-Criado A, Gilabert R et al (2009) Doppler ultrasound findings in the hepatic artery shortly after liver transplantation. AJR 193(1):128–135CrossRefPubMed
14.
go back to reference Marder DM, DeMarino GB et al (1989) Liver transplant rejection: value of the resistive index in Doppler US of hepatic arteries. Radiology 173(1):127–129PubMed Marder DM, DeMarino GB et al (1989) Liver transplant rejection: value of the resistive index in Doppler US of hepatic arteries. Radiology 173(1):127–129PubMed
15.
go back to reference Nolten A, Sproat IA (1996) Hepatic artery thrombosis after liver transplantation: temporal accuracy of diagnosis with duplex US and the syndrome of impending thrombosis. Radiology 198(2):553–559PubMed Nolten A, Sproat IA (1996) Hepatic artery thrombosis after liver transplantation: temporal accuracy of diagnosis with duplex US and the syndrome of impending thrombosis. Radiology 198(2):553–559PubMed
16.
go back to reference Pandharipande PV, Lee VS et al (2001) Vascular and extravascular complications of liver transplantation: comprehensive evaluation with three-dimensional contrast-enhanced volumetric MR imaging and MR cholangiopancreatography. AJR 177(5):1101–1107PubMed Pandharipande PV, Lee VS et al (2001) Vascular and extravascular complications of liver transplantation: comprehensive evaluation with three-dimensional contrast-enhanced volumetric MR imaging and MR cholangiopancreatography. AJR 177(5):1101–1107PubMed
17.
go back to reference Richard HM 3rd, Silberzweig JE et al (2000) Hepatic arterial complications in liver transplant recipients treated with pretransplantation chemoembolization for hepatocellular carcinoma. Radiology 214(3):775–779PubMed Richard HM 3rd, Silberzweig JE et al (2000) Hepatic arterial complications in liver transplant recipients treated with pretransplantation chemoembolization for hepatocellular carcinoma. Radiology 214(3):775–779PubMed
18.
go back to reference Rossi AR, Pozniak MA et al (1993) Upper inferior vena caval anastomotic stenosis in liver transplant recipients: Doppler US diagnosis. Radiology 187(2):387–389PubMed Rossi AR, Pozniak MA et al (1993) Upper inferior vena caval anastomotic stenosis in liver transplant recipients: Doppler US diagnosis. Radiology 187(2):387–389PubMed
19.
go back to reference Ueda M, Oike F et al (2008) Portal vein complications in pediatric living donor liver transplantation using left-side grafts. Am J Transplant 8(10):2097–2105CrossRefPubMed Ueda M, Oike F et al (2008) Portal vein complications in pediatric living donor liver transplantation using left-side grafts. Am J Transplant 8(10):2097–2105CrossRefPubMed
20.
go back to reference Zajko AB, Bron KM et al (1985) Angiography of liver transplantation patients. Radiology 157(2):305–311PubMed Zajko AB, Bron KM et al (1985) Angiography of liver transplantation patients. Radiology 157(2):305–311PubMed
21.
go back to reference Berrocal T, Parron M et al (2006) Pediatric liver transplantation: a pictorial essay of early and late complications. Radiographics 26(4):1187–1209CrossRefPubMed Berrocal T, Parron M et al (2006) Pediatric liver transplantation: a pictorial essay of early and late complications. Radiographics 26(4):1187–1209CrossRefPubMed
22.
go back to reference Borhani AA, Hosseinzadeh K et al (2009) Imaging of posttransplantation lymphoproliferative disorder after solid organ transplantation. Radiographics 29(4):981–1000, discussion 1000–1002CrossRefPubMed Borhani AA, Hosseinzadeh K et al (2009) Imaging of posttransplantation lymphoproliferative disorder after solid organ transplantation. Radiographics 29(4):981–1000, discussion 1000–1002CrossRefPubMed
23.
go back to reference Dhillon MS, Rai JK et al (2007) Post-transplant lymphoproliferative disease in liver transplantation. Br J Radiol 80:337–346CrossRefPubMed Dhillon MS, Rai JK et al (2007) Post-transplant lymphoproliferative disease in liver transplantation. Br J Radiol 80:337–346CrossRefPubMed
24.
go back to reference Donnelly LF, Frush DP et al (1998) Lymphoproliferative disorders: CT findings in immunocompromised children. AJR 171(3):725–731PubMed Donnelly LF, Frush DP et al (1998) Lymphoproliferative disorders: CT findings in immunocompromised children. AJR 171(3):725–731PubMed
25.
go back to reference McCormack L, Hany TI et al (2006) How useful is PET/CT imaging in the management of post-transplant lymphoproliferative disease after liver transplantation? Am J Transplant 6(7):1731–1736CrossRefPubMed McCormack L, Hany TI et al (2006) How useful is PET/CT imaging in the management of post-transplant lymphoproliferative disease after liver transplantation? Am J Transplant 6(7):1731–1736CrossRefPubMed
26.
go back to reference Scarsbrook AF, Warakaulle DR et al (2005) Post-transplantation lymphoproliferative disorder: the spectrum of imaging appearances. Clin Radiol 60(1):47–55CrossRefPubMed Scarsbrook AF, Warakaulle DR et al (2005) Post-transplantation lymphoproliferative disorder: the spectrum of imaging appearances. Clin Radiol 60(1):47–55CrossRefPubMed
27.
go back to reference Wu L, Rappaport DC et al (2001) Lymphoproliferative disorders after liver transplantation: imaging features. Abdom Imaging 26(2):200–206CrossRefPubMed Wu L, Rappaport DC et al (2001) Lymphoproliferative disorders after liver transplantation: imaging features. Abdom Imaging 26(2):200–206CrossRefPubMed
28.
go back to reference Bianchi E, Pascual M et al (2008) Clinical usefulness of FDG-PET/CT scan imaging in the management of posttransplant lymphoproliferative disease. Transplantation 85(5):707–712CrossRefPubMed Bianchi E, Pascual M et al (2008) Clinical usefulness of FDG-PET/CT scan imaging in the management of posttransplant lymphoproliferative disease. Transplantation 85(5):707–712CrossRefPubMed
29.
go back to reference Koch DG, Caplan M et al (2009) Pulmonary hypertension after liver transplantation: case presentation and review of the literature. Liver Transpl 15(4):407–412CrossRefPubMed Koch DG, Caplan M et al (2009) Pulmonary hypertension after liver transplantation: case presentation and review of the literature. Liver Transpl 15(4):407–412CrossRefPubMed
Metadata
Title
Imaging of the transplant liver
Author
Paul Sheppard Babyn
Publication date
01-04-2010
Publisher
Springer-Verlag
Published in
Pediatric Radiology / Issue 4/2010
Print ISSN: 0301-0449
Electronic ISSN: 1432-1998
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00247-010-1545-6

Other articles of this Issue 4/2010

Pediatric Radiology 4/2010 Go to the issue