Top

Published in:

Open Access 01-12-2020 | Educational Review

Imaging of mandibular fractures: a pictorial review

Authors: Cosimo Nardi, Chiara Vignoli, Michele Pietragalla, Paolina Tonelli, Linda Calistri, Lorenzo Franchi, Lorenzo Preda, Stefano Colagrande

Published in: Insights into Imaging | Issue 1/2020

Abstract

Mandibular fractures are among the most common maxillofacial fractures observed in emergency rooms and are mainly caused by road accidents. The clinical features of mandibular fractures include malocclusion and loss of mandibular function. Panoramic radiography is usually limited to isolated lesions, whereas computed tomography is the tool of choice for all other facial traumatic events. No reference standard classification system for the different types of mandibular fractures is defined. Therapeutic options include a conservative approach or surgical treatment based on the anatomic area and the severity of fracture. The main purpose of this pictorial review is to illustrate a practical description of the pathophysiology of mandibular fractures and describe both the imaging techniques to recognise them and the therapeutic indications.

Naeem A, Gemal H, Reed D (2017) Imaging in traumatic mandibular fractures. Quant Imaging Med Surg 7:469–479CrossRef

Afrooz PN, Bykowski MR, James IB, Daniali LN, Clavijo-Alvarez JA (2015) The epidemiology of mandibular fractures in the United States, part 1: a review of 13,142 cases from the US National Trauma Data Bank. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 73:2361–2366CrossRef

Marker P, Nielsen A, Bastian HL (2000) Fractures of the mandibular condyle. Part 1: patterns of distribution of types and causes of fractures in 348 patients. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg 38:417–421CrossRef

Doerr TD (2015) Evidence-based facial fracture management. Facial Plast Surg Clin North Am 23:335–345CrossRef

Jadhav A, Mundada B, Deshmukh R et al (2015) Mandibular ramus fracture: an overview of rare anatomical subsite. Plast Surg Int 2015:1–5CrossRef

Carvalho TB, Cancian LR, Marques CG, Piatto VB, Maniglia JV, Molina FD (2010) Six years of facial trauma care: an epidemiological analysis of 355 cases. Braz J Otorhinolaryngol 76:565–574CrossRef

Yildirgan K, Zahir E, Sharafi S et al (2016) Mandibular fractures admitted to the emergency department: data analysis from a Swiss level one trauma centre. Emerg Med Int 2016:3502902CrossRef

Chacon GE, Dawson KH, Myall RWT, Beirne OR (2003) A comparative study of 2 imaging techniques for the diagnosis of condylar fractures in children. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 61:668–672CrossRef

Nardi C, Calistri L, Grazzini G et al (2018) Is panoramic radiography an accurate imaging technique for the detection of endodontically treated asymptomatic apical periodontitis? J Endod 44:1500–1508CrossRef

10.

Nardi C, De Falco L, Selvi V, Lorini C, Calistri L, Colagrande S (2018) Role of cone-beam computed tomography with a large field of view in Goldenhar syndrome. Am J Orthod Dentofac Orthop 153:269–277CrossRef

11.

Kaeppler G, Cornelius CP, Ehrenfeld M, Mast G (2013) Diagnostic efficacy of cone-beam computed tomography for mandibular fractures. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol 116:98–104CrossRef

12.

Watanabe H, Nomura Y, Kuribayashi A, Kurabayashi T (2018) Spatial resolution measurements by Radia diagnostic software with SEDENTEXCT image quality phantom in cone beam CT for dental use. Dentomaxillofacial Radiol 47:1–6

13.

Nardi C, Salerno S, Molteni R et al (2018) Radiation dose in non-dental cone beam CT applications: a systematic review. Radiol Med 123:765–777CrossRef

14.

Pauwels R, Stamatakis H, Bosmans H et al (2013) Quantification of metal artifacts on cone beam computed tomography images. Clin Oral Implants Res 24:94–99CrossRef

15.

Nemtoi A, Czink C, Haba D, Gahleitner A (2013) Cone beam CT: a current overview of devices. Dentomaxillofacial Radiol 42:20120443CrossRef

16.

Nardi C, Molteni R, Lorini C et al (2016) Motion artefacts in cone beam CT: an in vitro study about the effects on the images. Br J Radiol 89:20150687CrossRef

17.

Nardi C, Talamonti C, Pallotta S et al (2017) Head and neck effective dose and quantitative assessment of image quality: a study to compare cone beam CT and multislice spiral CT. Dentomaxillofacial Radiol 46:20170030CrossRef

18.

Zheng J, Zhang S, Yang C, Abdelrehem A, He D, Chiu H (2016) Assessment of magnetic resonance images of displacement of the disc of the temporomandibular joint in different types of condylar fracture. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg 54:74–79CrossRef

19.

Wehrli FW, Saha PK, Gomberg BR et al (2002) Role of magnetic resonance for assessing structure and function of trabecular bone. Top Magn Reson Imaging 13:335–355CrossRef

20.

Sicher H (1962) Anatomy and oral pathology. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol 15:1264–1269CrossRef

21.

Cornelius CP, Audigé L, Kunz C et al (2014) The Comprehensive AOCMF Classification System: mandible fractures-level 3 tutorial. Craniomaxillofac Trauma Reconstr 7:S031–S043PubMedPubMedCentral

22.

Owibingire SS, Kalyanyama B, Simon E (2018) Injuries of the maxillofacial region. In: Kahabuka FK, Minja IK, Kikwilu EN (eds) Dental and maxillofacial trauma – challenges in low and middle income countries. Research Signpost, Kerala, India pp 97–129

23.

Holt R, Joseph B (2012) Resident manual of trauma to the face, head, and neck. First edition. American Academy of Otolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery Foundation ISBN: 978-0-615-64912-2

24.

Boffano P, Kommers SC, Roccia F, Gallesio C, Forouzanfar T (2014) Fractures of the mandibular coronoid process: a two centres study. J Cranio-Maxillofacial Surg 42:1352–1355CrossRef

25.

Philip M, Sivarajasingam V, Shepherd J (1999) Bilateral reflex fracture of the coronoid process of the mandible. A case report. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 28:195–196CrossRef

26.

Shen L, Li J, Li P, Long J, Tian W, Tang W (2013) Mandibular coronoid fractures: treatment options. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 42:721–726CrossRef

27.

Yaremchuk MJ (1992) Rigid internal fixation of a displaced mandibular coronoid fracture. J Craniofac Surg 3:226–229CrossRef

28.

Powers DB (2017) Classification of mandibular condylar fractures. Atlas Oral Maxillofac Surg Clin North Am 25:1–10CrossRef

29.

Hoffman R, Haas NP (2007) AO Surgery reference. In: Rüedi TP, Murphy WM (eds) AO manual of fracture management.

30.

MacLennan WD (1949) Consideration of 180 cases of typical fractures of the mandibular condylar process. Br J Plast Surg 5:122–128CrossRef

31.

Nasser M, Pandis N, Fleming PS, Fedorowicz Z, Ellis E, Ali K (2013) Interventions for the management of mandibular fractures. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 8:CD00608725

32.

Shetty V, Atchison K, Leathers R, Black E, Zigler C, Belin TR (2008) Do the benefits of rigid internal fixation of mandible fractures justify the added costs? Results from a randomized controlled trial. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 66:2203–2212CrossRef

33.

Chakraborty SK (2007) Management of bilateral condylar fractures: case review. Med J Armed Forces India 63:85–87CrossRef

34.

Park SS, Lee KC, Kim SK (2012) Overview of mandibular condyle fracture. Arch Plast Surg 39:281–283CrossRef

Title: Imaging of mandibular fractures: a pictorial review
Authors: Cosimo Nardi
Chiara Vignoli
Michele Pietragalla
Paolina Tonelli
Linda Calistri
Lorenzo Franchi
Lorenzo Preda
Stefano Colagrande
Publication date: 01-12-2020
Publisher: Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Published in: Insights into Imaging / Issue 1/2020
Electronic ISSN: 1869-4101
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s13244-020-0837-0

Keynote webinar | Spotlight on medication adherence

Springer Medicine

Imaging of mandibular fractures: a pictorial review

Abstract

Keynote webinar | Spotlight on medication adherence

Springer Medicine

Abstract

Please log in to get access to this content

Other articles of this Issue 1/2020

The cardiac conundrum: a systematic review and bibliometric analysis of authorship in cardiac magnetic resonance imaging studies

Imaging of skull vault tumors in adults

European Society of Emergency Radiology: guideline on radiological polytrauma imaging and service (short version)

Giant cell tumor of bone following denosumab treatment: assessment of tumor response using various imaging modalities

Early experiences of radiographers in Ireland during the COVID-19 crisis

Inclusion of MCQs written by radiology residents in their annual evaluation: innovative method to enhance resident’s empowerment?