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01-10-2012 | Original Paper

Hypertension-induced peripheral neuropathy and the combined effects of hypertension and diabetes on nerve structure and function in rats

Authors: Joshua A. Gregory, Corinne G. Jolivalt, Jared Goor, Andrew P. Mizisin, Nigel A. Calcutt

Published in: Acta Neuropathologica | Issue 4/2012

Abstract

Diabetic neuropathy includes damage to neurons, Schwann cells and blood vessels. Rodent models of diabetes do not adequately replicate all pathological features of diabetic neuropathy, particularly Schwann cell damage. We, therefore, tested the hypothesis that combining hypertension, a risk factor for neuropathy in diabetic patients, with insulin-deficient diabetes produces a more pertinent model of peripheral neuropathy. Behavioral, physiological and structural indices of neuropathy were measured for up to 6 months in spontaneously hypertensive and age-matched normotensive rats with or without concurrent streptozotocin-induced diabetes. Hypertensive rats developed nerve ischemia, thermal hyperalgesia, nerve conduction slowing and axonal atrophy. Thinly myelinated fibers with supernumerary Schwann cells indicative of cycles of demyelination and remyelination were also identified along with reduced nerve levels of myelin basic protein. Similar disorders were noted in streptozotocin-diabetic rats, except that thinly myelinated fibers were not observed and expression of myelin basic protein was normal. Superimposing diabetes on hypertension compounded disorders of nerve blood flow, conduction slowing and axonal atrophy and increased the incidence of thinly myelinated fibers. Rats with combined insulinopenia, hyperglycemia and hypertension provide a model for diabetic neuropathy that offers an opportunity to study mechanisms of Schwann cell pathology and suggests that hypertension may contribute to the etiology of diabetic neuropathy.

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Title: Hypertension-induced peripheral neuropathy and the combined effects of hypertension and diabetes on nerve structure and function in rats
Authors: Joshua A. Gregory
Corinne G. Jolivalt
Jared Goor
Andrew P. Mizisin
Nigel A. Calcutt
Publication date: 01-10-2012
Publisher: Springer-Verlag
Published in: Acta Neuropathologica / Issue 4/2012
Print ISSN: 0001-6322
Electronic ISSN: 1432-0533
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00401-012-1012-6

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Hypertension-induced peripheral neuropathy and the combined effects of hypertension and diabetes on nerve structure and function in rats

Abstract

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