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Pediatric Nephrology
Published in: Pediatric Nephrology 9/2018

01-09-2018 | Educational Review

Hypercalcemia: a consultant’s approach

Authors: Ari Auron, Uri S. Alon

Published in: Pediatric Nephrology | Issue 9/2018

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Abstract

Due to their daily involvement in mineral metabolism, nephrologists are often asked to consult on children with hypercalcemia. This might become even more pertinent when the hypercalcemia is associated with acute kidney injury and/or hypercalciuria and renal calcifications. The best way to assess the severity of hypercalcemia is by measurement of plasma ionized calcium, and if not available by adjusting serum total calcium to albumin concentration. The differential diagnosis of the possible etiologies of the disturbance in the mineral homeostasis starts with the assessment of serum parathyroid hormone concentration, followed by that of vitamin D metabolites in search of both genetic and acquired etiologies. Several tools are available to acutely treat hypercalcemia with the current main components being fluids, loop diuretics, and antiresorptive agents. This review will address the pathophysiologic mechanisms, clinical manifestations, and treatment modalities involved in hypercalcemia.
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Metadata
Title
Hypercalcemia: a consultant’s approach
Authors
Ari Auron
Uri S. Alon
Publication date
01-09-2018
Publisher
Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Published in
Pediatric Nephrology / Issue 9/2018
Print ISSN: 0931-041X
Electronic ISSN: 1432-198X
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00467-017-3788-z

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