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Canadian Journal of Anesthesia/Journal canadien d'anesthésie
Published in: Canadian Journal of Anesthesia/Journal canadien d'anesthésie 12/2018

01-12-2018 | Review Article/Brief Review

Humanization of critical care—psychological effects on healthcare professionals and relatives: a systematic review

Authors: Imelda M. Galvin, MB, BaO, BCH, MRCPCH, FRCA, MSc, FFICM, FRCPSC, Jordan Leitch, MD, MSc, Rebecca Gill, BScN, Katherine Poser, RN, BScN, MNEd, Sandra McKeown, BSc, MLIS

Published in: Canadian Journal of Anesthesia/Journal canadien d'anesthésie | Issue 12/2018

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Abstract

Purpose

To systematically review and evaluate the effects of humanized care of the critically ill on empathy among healthcare professionals, anxiety among relatives, and burnout and compassion fatigue in both groups.

Source

MEDLINE, PsycINFO, EMBASE, CINAHL, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), and ProQuest Dissertations were searched from inception to 29 June 2017 for studies that investigated the effects of interventions with potential to humanize care of the critically ill on the following outcomes: empathy among critical care professionals, anxiety among relatives, and burnout and compassion fatigue in either group. We defined a humanizing intervention as one with substantial potential to increase physical or emotional proximity to the patient. Two reviewers independently selected studies, extracted data, and assessed risk of bias and data quality.

Principal findings

Twelve studies addressing four discrete interventions (liberal visitation, diaries, family participation in basic care, and witnessed resuscitation) and one mixed intervention were included. Ten studies measured anxiety among 1,055 relatives. Two studies measured burnout in 288 critical care professionals. None addressed empathy or compassion fatigue. Eleven of the included studies had an overall high risk of bias. No pooled estimates of effect were calculated as a priori criteria for data synthesis were not met.

Conclusions

We found insufficient evidence to make any quantitative assessment of the effect of humanizing interventions on any of these psychologic outcomes. We observed a trend towards reduced anxiety among family members who participated in basic patient care, liberal visitation, and diary keeping. We found conflicting effects of liberal visitation on burnout among healthcare professionals.
Appendix
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Metadata
Title
Humanization of critical care—psychological effects on healthcare professionals and relatives: a systematic review
Authors
Imelda M. Galvin, MB, BaO, BCH, MRCPCH, FRCA, MSc, FFICM, FRCPSC
Jordan Leitch, MD, MSc
Rebecca Gill, BScN
Katherine Poser, RN, BScN, MNEd
Sandra McKeown, BSc, MLIS
Publication date
01-12-2018
Publisher
Springer US
Published in
Canadian Journal of Anesthesia/Journal canadien d'anesthésie / Issue 12/2018
Print ISSN: 0832-610X
Electronic ISSN: 1496-8975
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s12630-018-1227-7

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