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Radiation Oncology
Published in: Radiation Oncology 1/2013

Open Access 01-12-2013 | Research

HIV-TAT mediated protein transduction of Cu/Zn-superoxide dismutase-1 (SOD1) protects skin cells from ionizing radiation

Authors: Qing Gu, Tienan Feng, Han Cao, Yiting Tang, Xin Ge, Judong Luo, Jiao Xue, Jinyong Wu, Hongying Yang, Shuyu Zhang, Jianping Cao

Published in: Radiation Oncology | Issue 1/2013

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Abstract

Background

Radiation-induced skin injury remains a serious concern during radiotherapy. Cu/Zn-superoxide dismutase (Cu/Zn-SOD, SOD1) is a conserved enzyme for scavenging superoxide radical in cells. Because of the integrity of cell membranes, exogenous molecule is not able to be incorporated into cells, which limited the application of natural SOD1. The aim of this study was to evaluate the protective role of HIV-TAT protein transduction domain mediated protein transduction of SOD1 (TAT-SOD1) against ionizing radiation.

Methods

The recombinant TAT-SOD1 and SOD1 were obtained by prokaryotic–based protein expression system. The transduction effect and biological activity of TAT-SOD1 was measured by immunofluorescence and antioxidant capability assays in human keratinocyte HaCaT cells. Mito-Tracker staining, reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation assay, cell apoptosis analysis and malondialdehyde (MDA) assay were used to access the protective effect of TAT- SOD1.

Results

Uptake of TAT-SOD1 by HaCaT cells retained its biological activity. Compared with natural SOD1, the application of TAT-SOD1 significantly enhanced the viability and decreased the apoptosis induced by X-ray irradiation. Moreover, TAT-SOD1 reduced ROS and preserved mitochondrial integrity after radiation exposure in HaCaT cells. Radiation-induced γH2AX foci, which are representative of DNA double strand breaks, were decreased by pretreatment with TAT-SOD1. Furthermore, subcutaneous application of TAT-SOD1 resulted in a significant decrease in 45 Gy electron beam-induced ROS and MDA concentration in the skins of rats.

Conclusions

This study provides evidences for the protective role of TAT-SOD1 in alleviating radiation-induced damage in HaCaT cells and rat skins, which suggests a new therapeutic strategy for radiation-induced skin injury.
Appendix
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Metadata
Title
HIV-TAT mediated protein transduction of Cu/Zn-superoxide dismutase-1 (SOD1) protects skin cells from ionizing radiation
Authors
Qing Gu
Tienan Feng
Han Cao
Yiting Tang
Xin Ge
Judong Luo
Jiao Xue
Jinyong Wu
Hongying Yang
Shuyu Zhang
Jianping Cao
Publication date
01-12-2013
Publisher
BioMed Central
Published in
Radiation Oncology / Issue 1/2013
Electronic ISSN: 1748-717X
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/1748-717X-8-253

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