Top

Published in:

01-06-2008

Hiring Discrimination Against People with Disabilities Under the ADA: Characteristics of Employers

Authors: Brian T. McMahon, Philip D. Rumrill Jr, Richard Roessler, Jessica E. Hurley, Steven L. West, Fong Chan, Linnea Carlson

Published in: Journal of Occupational Rehabilitation | Issue 2/2008

Abstract

Introduction This article describes findings from a causal comparative study of the characteristics of employers against whom allegations of hiring discrimination were filed with the U.S. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC) under Title I of the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) between 1992 and 2005. Methods Employer characteristics derived from 19,527 closed Hiring allegations are compared and contrasted to 259,680 closed allegations aggregated from six other prevalent forms of discrimination including Discharge and Constructive Discharge, Reasonable Accommodation, Disability Harassment and Intimidation, and Terms and Conditions of Employment. Tests of Proportion distributed as chi-square are used to form comparisons along a variety of factors including industry classification, size of workforce, and location. Results As compared to non-hiring allegations, hiring allegations were more likely to be filed against employers with 15–100 employees, in the West U.S. Census track region, or in industries including educational services; public administration; transportation and warehousing; professional, scientific, and technical services; agriculture, forestry, fishing, and hunting; and construction. Conclusion More outreach regarding ADA responsibilities appears indicated for those employers who share the aforementioned characteristics.

Schur L, Kruse D, Blanck P. Corporate culture and the employment of persons with disabilities. Behav Sci Law. 2005;2(1):3–20.CrossRef

O’Hara B. Twice penalized: employment discrimination against women with disabilities. J Disabil Policy Stud. 2004;15(1):27–34.CrossRef

Bell B, Klein K. Effects of disability, gender, and job level on ratings of job applicants. Rehab Psychol. 2001;46(3):229–46.CrossRef

Head L, Baker P. Workplace accommodations ADA Title I: policy and the metrics of reasonable. Paper presented at the Technology and Persons with Disabilities Conference. Northridge, CA, 2005.

National Organization on Disability. 2004 N.O.D./Harris survey. Washington: NOD; 2004.

Schramm J. SHRM workplace forecast. Alexandria: Society for Human Resource management; 2006.

Blanck P, Schur L, Kruse D, Schwochan S, Song C. Calibrating the impact of the ADA’s employment provisions. Stanford Law Pol Rev. 2003;14(2):267–90.

Lent R. A social cognitive view of career in counseling. In: Brown S, Lent R, editors. Career development and counseling. New York: John Wiley; 2005. p. 101–30.

Bissonnette D. Beyond traditional job development. Chatsworth: Milt Wright and Associates; 1994.

10.

Saks A. Job search success: a review and integration of the predictors, behaviors, and outcomes. In: Brown S, Lent R, editors. Career development and counseling. New York: John Wiley; 2005. p. 155–79.

11.

Harcourt M, Lam H, Harcourt S. Discriminatory practices in hiring: institutional and rational economic perspectives. Int J Human Resour Manage. 2005;16:2113–32.CrossRef

12.

Sheffield J. Navigating current trends under the ADA. Employer Relat Law J. 2005;31(1):3–20.

13.

Batavia A, Schriner K. The Americans with Disabilities Act as engine of social change: models of disability and the potential of a civil rights approach. Policy Stud J. 2001;29(4):690–702.CrossRef

14.

Waterstone M. The untold story of the rest of the Americans with Disabilities Act. Vanderbilt Law Rev. 2005;58(6):1805–83.

15.

Hernandez B, Keys C, Balcazar F. Employer attitudes toward workers with disabilities and their ADA employment rights: a literature review. J Rehab. 2000;66(4):4–16.

16.

Pearson V, Ip F, Hui H, Yip N, Ho K, Lo E. To tell or not to tell: disability disclosure and job application outcomes. J Rehab. 2003;69(4):35–8.

17.

Bricout J, Bentley K. Disability status and perceptions of employability by employers. Soc Work Res. 2000;24(2):87–96.

18.

Rimmerman A. Factors related to attitudes of Israeli corporate executives toward the employment of persons with intellectual disability. J Intellect Dev Disabil. 1998;23:245–54.CrossRef

19.

Weber M. Disability harassment. New York: New York University Press; 2007.

20.

Levy J, Jessop D, Rimmerman A, Francis F, Levy P. Determinants of attitudes of New York state employers towards the employment of persons with severe handicaps. J Rehab. 1993;59(1):49–54.

21.

Lowman D, West S, McMahon B. Workplace discrimination and Americans with cerebral palsy: the national EEOC ADA research project. J Voc Rehab. 2005;23(3):171–7.

22.

Unger D, Campbell L, McMahon B. Workplace discrimination and mental retardation: the national EEOC ADA research project. J Voc Rehab. 2005; 23(3):145–54.

23.

McMahon B, Shaw L, West S, Waid-Ebbs K. Workplace discrimination and spinal cord injury: the national EEOC ADA research project. J Voc Rehab. 2005;23(3):155–62.

24.

Findlaw. One in five Americans has experienced employment discrimination. 2004. http://company.findlaw.com/pr/2004/072004.employmentdiscrim.html. Accessed 14 July 2005.

25.

The EEOC website: http://www.eeoc.gov. Accessed 14 July 2005.

26.

McMahon B. Workplace discrimination against Americans with disabilities. Richmond: Virginia Commonwealth University, Rehabilitation Research and Training Center on Workplace Supports and Job Retention; 2006.

27.

U.S. Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics. New quarterly data from BLS on business employment dynamics by size of firm, 2005. [on-line version] Retrieved 5 December 2007 from http://www.bls.gov/news.release/pdf/cewfs.pdf.

28.

Rubin S, Roessler R. Foundations of the vocational rehabilitation process. 6th ed. Austin: PRO-ED; 2008.

29.

Dunn PL. Emerging issues in rehabilitation counseling. In: Rumrill P, Bellini JL, Koch LC, editors. Emerging issues in rehabilitation counseling: perspectives on the new millennium. Springfield, IL: Charles C. Thomas Publishers, Ltd; 2001. p. 173–201.

30.

Gutman A. EEO law and personnel policy. 2nd ed. Thousands Oaks: Sage Publications; 2000.

31.

Wehman P. Life beyond the classroom. 4th ed. Baltimore: Paul H. Brookes Publishing Company; 2006.

32.

Wilkinson A. Employment relations in SMEs. Employee Relat. 1999;21(3):206–17.CrossRef

33.

Rumrill P, Hennessey M, Nissen S. Employment issues and multiple sclerosis. 2nd ed. New York: Demos Medical Publishers; 2008.

34.

Koch LC, Rumrill P. Vocational assessment in the Americans with Disabilities Act era. In: Rumrill P, Bellini JL, Koch LC, editors. Emerging issues in rehabilitation counseling: perspectives on the new millennium. Springfield, IL: Charles C. Thomas Publishers, Ltd; 2001. p. 89–126.

35.

Shrey D, Lacerte M. Principles and practices of disability management in industry. Boca Raton: St. Lucie Press; 1997.

36.

Bellini J, Rumrill P. Research in rehabilitation counseling. Springfield: Charles C. Thomas; 1999.

Title: Hiring Discrimination Against People with Disabilities Under the ADA: Characteristics of Employers
Authors: Brian T. McMahon
Philip D. Rumrill Jr
Richard Roessler
Jessica E. Hurley
Steven L. West
Fong Chan
Linnea Carlson
Publication date: 01-06-2008
Publisher: Springer US
Published in: Journal of Occupational Rehabilitation / Issue 2/2008
Print ISSN: 1053-0487
Electronic ISSN: 1573-3688
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10926-008-9134-3

Keynote webinar | Spotlight on medication adherence

Springer Medicine

Hiring Discrimination Against People with Disabilities Under the ADA: Characteristics of Employers

Abstract

Keynote webinar | Spotlight on medication adherence

Springer Medicine

Abstract

Please log in to get access to this content

Other articles of this Issue 2/2008

How Well Do Return-to-work Interventions for Musculoskeletal Conditions Address the Multicausality of Work Disability?

Exercise Reduces C-reactive Protein and Improves Physical Function in Automotive Workers with Low Back Pain

Hiring Discrimination Against People with Disabilities Under the ADA: Characteristics of Charging Parties

Clinical Utility of Predictors of Return-to-work Outcome Following Work-related Musculoskeletal Injury

Computer Use Patterns Associated with Upper Extremity Musculoskeletal Symptoms

A Comparison of EEOC Closures Involving Hiring Versus Other Prevalent Discrimination Issues Under the Americans with Disabilities Act