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01-03-2017 | Original Contribution

High Prevalences and a Wide Genetic Diversity of Simian Retroviruses in Non-human Primate Bushmeat in Rural Areas of the Democratic Republic of Congo

Authors: Ahuka-Mundeke Steve, Ayouba Ahidjo, Mbala-Kingebeni Placide, Foncelle Caroline, Mubonga Mukulumanya, Ndimbo-Kumugo Simon-Pierre, Lunguya-Metila Octavie, Mbenzo-Abokome Valentin, Muyembe-Tamfum Jean-Jacques, Delaporte Eric, Peeters Martine

Published in: EcoHealth | Issue 1/2017

Abstract

Like the majority of emerging infectious diseases, HIV and HTLV are of zoonotic origin. Here we assess the risk of cross-species transmissions of their simian counterparts, SIV and STLV, from non-human primates (NHP) to humans in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC). A total of 331 samples, derived from NHP bushmeat, were collected as dried blood spots (DBS, n = 283) or as tissue samples (n = 36) at remote forest sites mainly in northern and eastern DRC. SIV antibody prevalences in DBS were estimated with a novel high throughput immunoassay with antigens representing the actual known diversity of HIV/SIV lineages. Antibody-positive samples were confirmed by PCR and sequence analysis. Screening for STLV infection was done with universal primers in tax, and new strains were further characterized in LTR. SIV and STLV infection in tissue samples was done by PCR only. Overall, 5 and 15.4% of NHP bushmeat was infected with SIV and STLV, respectively. A new SIV lineage was identified in Allen’s swamp monkeys (Allenopithecus nigroviridis). Three new STLV-1 subtypes were identified in Allen’s swamp monkeys (Allenopithecus nigroviridis), blue monkeys (Cercopithecus mitis), red-tailed guenons (Cercopithecus ascanius schmidti) and agile mangabeys (Cercocebus agilis). SIV and STLV prevalences varied according to species and geographic region. Our study illustrates clearly, even on a small sample size from a limited number of geographic areas, that our knowledge on the genetic diversity and geographic distribution of simian retroviruses is still limited and that humans continue to be exposed to relative high proportions on infected NHP bushmeat.

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Title: High Prevalences and a Wide Genetic Diversity of Simian Retroviruses in Non-human Primate Bushmeat in Rural Areas of the Democratic Republic of Congo
Authors: Ahuka-Mundeke Steve
Ayouba Ahidjo
Mbala-Kingebeni Placide
Foncelle Caroline
Mubonga Mukulumanya
Ndimbo-Kumugo Simon-Pierre
Lunguya-Metila Octavie
Mbenzo-Abokome Valentin
Muyembe-Tamfum Jean-Jacques
Delaporte Eric
Peeters Martine
Publication date: 01-03-2017
Publisher: Springer US
Published in: EcoHealth / Issue 1/2017
Print ISSN: 1612-9202
Electronic ISSN: 1612-9210
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10393-016-1202-0

At a glance: The STEP trials

Springer Medicine

High Prevalences and a Wide Genetic Diversity of Simian Retroviruses in Non-human Primate Bushmeat in Rural Areas of the Democratic Republic of Congo

Abstract

At a glance: The STEP trials

Springer Medicine

Abstract

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