Mutation detection and inhibitor analysis of 43 children with severe hemophilia A in a single center: three novel mutations

To investigate the risk factors of FVIII inhibitors development in severe hemophilia A (HA) patients who were received on-demand therapy and were infused with plasma cryoprecipitate and multiple FVIII concentrates alternately. We collected clinical information from 43 severe HA children who were treated with plasma cryoprecipitate and multiple FVIII concentrates. The F8 mutation was detected by long-distance PCR for inversion and detected by all exons and their flanking sequencing for other mutations. The inhibitor detection was performed by Nijmegen-modified Bethesda assay. The impact of novel amino substitutions on FVIII protein was predicted by SIFT and PolyPhen-2. The 3D analysis of missense mutations was performed using Swiss-PdbViewer. FVIII inhibitors were detected in nine cases (20.9%). All of the inhibitor positive cases had high risk F8 gene mutations. In most of the positive cases (7/9), inhibitors were developed during the first 10 EDs, which was significantly higher than that in the 10–50 EDs group and 50 EDs group (p = 0.009). Three novel mutations were reported, including c.214G > T (E72X), c.218 T > C (F73S), and c.2690C > G (S840X). For severe HA patients who are treated with multiple products of replacement therapy, it is important to supervise inhibitor during the first 10EDs, especially for those with high risk F8 gene mutations. F8 gene mutation is one of the most important genetic factors for inhibitor development. It is essential to detect F8 gene for all severe HA patients. Three novel mutations were reported to expand the mutation spectrum of the F8 gene.