Skip to main content
Key Specialties
Cardiology Diabetology Endocrinology Gastroenterology Geriatrics and Gerontology Gynecology and Obstetrics Hematology Infectious Disease Internal Medicine Nephrology Neurology Oncology Pediatrics Respiratory Medicine Rheumatology Surgery
Congress Coverage
2024 ACC Congress 2023 ESMO Congress 2023 EASD Congress 2023 ERS Congress 2023 ESC Congress
Clinical Collections
Advances in Alzheimer’s

Keynote webinar | Spotlight on medication adherence

LIVE: Thursday 27th June 2024, 18:00-19:30 (CEST)
Join our expert panel to discover why you need to understand the drivers of non-adherence in your patients, and how you can optimize medication adherence in your clinics to drastically improve patient outcomes.
ADVANCED SEARCH
Log in
Top
BMC Public Health
Published in: BMC Public Health 1/2010

Open Access 01-12-2010 | Research article

Health-related factors correlate with behavior trends in physical activity level in old age: longitudinal results from a population in São Paulo, Brazil

Authors: Marcela T Ferreira, Sandra MM Matsudo, Manoel CSA Ribeiro, Luiz R Ramos

Published in: BMC Public Health | Issue 1/2010

Login to get access

Abstract

Background

Physical inactivity in leisure time is common among elderly in Brazil and this finding is particularly alarming considering that this population is greatly affected by chronic diseases. The identification of health factors that influence physical activity level (PAL) will help in the development of strategies for increasing PAL older adults. The current research aimed to identify variables that independently affect behavior trends in PAL over the course of two years among elderly.

Methods

A survey entitled the Epidoso Project ("Epidemiology of aging") studied 1,667 community-based older individuals in São Paulo city, Brazil over the course of two years. Physical activity level was determined through questions about frequency and duration of physical activities. Body Mass Index was calculated; functional capacity was assessed through the ADL (activities of daily living) scale; cognition was assessed by Mini-Mental State Examination; and mental health was assessed through the Dysthymia Screening. Experiences of falls and fractures were also assessed. Subjects were divided into three groups according to their self-report of Physical Activity Level: a - Regularly Active; b - Insufficiently Active and c - Physically Inactive. Behavior trends in PAL were also measured after two years. Multivariate regression model methodology was used to test associations longitudinally.

Results

Results from the final model demonstrated that the risk of a not favorable behavior trend in PAL, which included the group who remained physically inactive and the group that displayed decreased PAL, in this cohort of older adults was significantly increased if the individual was female (OR = 2.50; 95% CI = 1.60-3.89; P < 0.01), older (80 y vs. 65 y, OR = 6.29, 95% CI = 2.69-14.67; P < 0.01), dependent on help from others for activities in the ADL scale (moderate-severe = 4-7+ vs. 0 ADLs) (OR = 2.25, 95% CI = 1.20-4.21; P < 0.011) or had experienced a history of falls with consequences (OR = 6.88, 95% CI = 0.91-52.01; P < 0.062).

Conclusions

Age, gender, ADL scores and falls were associated with a not favorable behavior trend in PAL. Promotion programs should target these factors, reducing barriers to achieve desired changes in PAL.
Appendix
Available only for authorised users
Literature
1.
World Health Organization: "Growth of the Elderly Population of the World". Health of the Elderly. Technical Report Series. 1989, WHO, Geneva, 779: 8-31.
2.
3.
Ramos LR, Veras RP, Kalache A: Envelhecimento populacional: uma realidade brasileira. Rev Saude Publica. 1987, 21 (3): 211-224. 10.1590/S0034-89101987000300006.CrossRefPubMed
4.
Ramos LR, Simoes EJ, Albert MS: Dependence in activities of daily living and cognitive impairment strongly predicted mortality in older urban residents in Brazil: a 2-year follow-up. J Am Geriatr Soc. 2001, 49 (9): 1168-1175. 10.1046/j.1532-5415.2001.49233.x.CrossRefPubMed
5.
Ramos LR: Fatores determinantes do envelhecimento saudável em idosos residentes em centro urbano: Projeto Epidoso, São Paulo. Cad Saude Publica. 2003, 19 (3): 793-798. 10.1590/S0102-311X2003000300011.CrossRefPubMed
6.
7.
Monteiro CA, Conde WL, Matsudo SM, Matsudo VK, Bonsenor IM, Lotufo PA: A descriptive epidemiology of leisure-time physical activity in Brazil, 1996-1997. Rev Panam Salud Publica. 2003, 14 (4): 246-254. 10.1590/S1020-49892003000900005.CrossRefPubMed
8.
Hallal PC, Victora CG, Wells JC, Lima RC: Physical inactivity: prevalence and associated variables in Brazilian adults. Med Sci Sports & Exerc. 2003, 35 (11): 1894-1900.CrossRef
9.
10.
11.
12.
Chodzko-Zajko WJ, Proctor DN, Fiatarone Singh MA, Minson CT, Nigg CR, Salem GJ, Skinner JS: Exercise and Physical Activity for Older Adults. Med Sci Sports & Exerc. 2009, 41 (7): 1510-1530.CrossRef
13.
Martinson BC, Crain L, Pronk NP, O'Connor PJ, Maciosek MV: Changes in physical activity and short-term changes in health care charges: a prospective cohort study of older adults. Prev Med. 2003, 37 (4): 319-326. 10.1016/S0091-7435(03)00139-7.CrossRefPubMed
14.
Al-Tannir M, Kobrosly S, Itani T, El-Rajab M, Tannir S: Prevalence of physical activity among Lebanese adults: a cross-sectional study. J Phys Act Health. 2009, 6 (3): 315-320.PubMed
15.
Trinh OTH, Nguyen ND, Dibley MJ, Phongsavan P, Bauman AE: The prevalence and correlates of physical inactivity among adults in Ho Chi Minh City. BMC Public Health. 2008, 8: 204-10.1186/1471-2458-8-204.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
16.
Drygas W, Kwaśniewska M, Kaleta D, Pikala M, Bielecki W, Głuszek J, Zdrojewski T, Pajak A, Kozakiewicz K, Broda G: Epidemiology of physical inactivity in Poland: prevalence and determinants in a former communist country in socioeconomic transition. Public Health. 2009, 123 (9): 592-597. 10.1016/j.puhe.2009.08.004.CrossRefPubMed
17.
Mummery WK, Kolt G, Schofield G, McLean G: Associations Between Physical Activity and Other Lifestyle Behaviours in Older New Zealanders. J Phys Act Health. 2007, 4 (4): 411-422.PubMed
18.
19.
Tribess S, Virtuoso-Júnior JS, Petroski EL, Fatores Associados à Inatividade Física em Mulheres Idosas em Comunidades de Baixa Renda: Factors associated with physical inactivity amongst elderly women in low-income communities. Rev Salud Publica. 2009, 11 (1): 39-49.CrossRefPubMed
20.
Salvador EP, Florindo AA, Reis RS, Costa EF: Perception of the environment and leisure-time physical activity in the elderly. Rev Saude Publica. 2009, 43 (6): 972-980. 10.1590/S0034-89102009005000082.CrossRefPubMed
21.
Ramos LR, Neto JN, Cendoroglo MS, Garcia JT, Najas SM, Perracini M, Paola CR, Santos FC, Bilton T, Ebel SJ, Macedo MBM, Filho CMA, Nasri F, Miranda RD, Gonçalves M, Santos ALP, Fraietta R, Vivacqua IN, Alves MLM, Tudisco ES: Two-year follow-up study of elderly residents in S. Paulo, Brazil: methodology and preliminary results. Rev Saude Publica. 1998, 32 (5): 397-407. 10.1590/S0034-89101998000500001.CrossRefPubMed
22.
Blay SL, Ramos LR, Mari Jde J: Validity of a Brazilian version of the Older Americans Resources and Services (OARS) mental health screening questionnaire. J Am Geriatr Soc. 1988, 36 (8): 687-692.CrossRefPubMed
23.
Ramos LR, Goihman S: Geographical stratification by socio-economic status: methodology from a household survey with elderly people in S. Paulo, Brazil. Rev Saude Publica. 1989, 23 (6): 478-492. 10.1590/S0034-89101989000600006.CrossRefPubMed
24.
Ramos LR, Perracini M, Rosa TE, Kalache A: Significance and management of disability among urban elderly residents in Brazil. J Cross Cul Gerontol. 1993, 8: 313-323. 10.1007/BF00972560.CrossRef
25.
Perracini MR, Ramos LR: Fall-related factors in a cohort of elderly community residents. Rev Saude Publica. 2002, 36 (6): 709-716. 10.1590/S0034-89102002000700008.CrossRefPubMed
26.
Matsudo SM, Matsudo VR, Araujo T, Andrade D, Andrade E, Oliveira L, Braggion G: Nível de Atividade Física da população do Estado de São Paulo: análise de acordo com o gênero, idade, nível sócio-econômico, distribuição geográfica e de conhecimento. Revista Brasileira de Ciência e Movimento. 2002, 10 (4): 41-50.
27.
Ferreira M, Matsudo S, Matsudo V, Braggion G: Effects of an intervention program of physical activity and nutrition orientation on the physical activity level of physically active women aged 50 to 72 years old. Revista Brasileira de Medicina do Esporte. 2005, 11 (3): 172-176. 10.1590/S1517-86922005000300004.CrossRef
28.
Pate RR, Pratt M, Blair SN, Haskell WL, Macera CA, Bouchard C, Buchner D, Ettinger W, Heath GW, King AC, Kriska A, Leon AS, Marcus BH, Morris J, Paffenbarger RS, Patrick K, Pollock ML, Rippe JM, Sallis J, Wilmore ll: Physical activity and public health: a recommendation from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the American College of Sports Medicine. JAMA. 1995, 273 (5): 402-407. 10.1001/jama.273.5.402.CrossRefPubMed
29.
World Health Organization: Obesity. Preventing and managing the global epidemic. Report of a WHO consultation on obesity. 1997, WHO, Geneva, 9-
30.
Folstein MS, Folstein SE, McHugh PR: Mini-Mental State: A practical method for grading the cognitive state of patients for the clinician. J Psychiatr Res. 1975, 12 (3): 189-198. 10.1016/0022-3956(75)90026-6.CrossRefPubMed
31.
Lourenço RA, Veras RP: Mini-Exame do Estado Mental: características psicométricas em idosos ambulatoriais/Mini-Mental State Examination: psychometric characteristics in elderly outpatients. Rev Saude Publica. 2006, 40 (4): 712-719. 10.1590/S0034-89102006000500023.CrossRefPubMed
32.
33.
Sun Q, Townsend MK, Okereke OI, Franco OH, Hu FB, Grodstein F: Physical activity at midlife in relation to successful survival in women at age 70 years or older. Arch Intern Med. 2010, 170 (2): 194-201. 10.1001/archinternmed.2009.503.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
34.
Muntner P, Gu D, Wildman RP, Chen J, Qan W, Whelton PK, He J: Prevalence of physical activity among Chinese adults: results from the International Collaborative Study of Cardiovascular Disease in Asia. Am J Public Health. 2005, 95 (9): 1631-1636. 10.2105/AJPH.2004.044743.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
35.
Azevedo MR, Araujo CP, Reichert FF, Siqueira FC, Silva MC, Hallal PC: Gender differences in leisure-time physical activity. Int J Public Health. 2007, 52 (1): 8-15. 10.1007/s00038-006-5062-1.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
36.
Siqueira FV, Facchini LA, Piccini RX, Tomas E, Thumé E, Silveira DS, Hallall PC: Atividade física em adultos e idosos residentes em áreas de abrangência de unidades básicas de saúde de municípios das regiões Sul e Nordeste do Brasil. [Physical activity in young adults and the elderly in areas covered by primary health care units in municipalities in the South and Northeast of Brazil]. Cad Saude Publica. 2008, 24 (1): 39-54. 10.1590/S0102-311X2008000100005.CrossRefPubMed
37.
Pan SY, Cameron C, Desmeules M, Morrison H, Craig CL, Jiang X: Individual, social, environmental, and physical environmental correlates with physical activity among Canadians: a cross-sectional study. BMC Public Health. 2009, 9: 21-10.1186/1471-2458-9-21.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
38.
Matsudo SM, Araujo TL, Villamarin R, Ferreira MT, Matsudo V: Estudo Longitudinal - Tracking de 4 anos - da aptidão física de mulheres da maioridade fisicamente ativas. Revista Brasileira de Ciência e Movimento. 2004, 12 (3): 47-52.
39.
Rantanen T, Guralnik JM, Sakari-Rantala R, Leveille S, Simonsick EM, Ling S, Fried LP: Disability, physical activity, and muscle strength in older women: the Women's Health and Aging Study. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 1999, 80 (2): 130-135. 10.1016/S0003-9993(99)90109-0.CrossRefPubMed
40.
Rejeski WJ, Focht BC: Aging and physical disability: On integrating group and individual counselling with the promotion of physical activity. Exerc Sport Sci Rev. 2002, 30 (4): 166-170. 10.1097/00003677-200210000-00005.CrossRefPubMed
41.
Rogers RL, Meyer JS, Mortel KF: After reaching retirement age physical activity sustains cerebral perfusion and cognition. J Am Geriatr Soc. 1990, 38 (2): 123-128.CrossRefPubMed
42.
Laurin D, Verreault R, Lindsay J, MacPherson K, Rockwood K: Physical activity and risk of cognitive impairment and dementia in elderly persons. Arch Neurol. 2001, 58 (3): 498-504. 10.1001/archneur.58.3.498.CrossRefPubMed
43.
Weuve J, Kang JH, Manson JE, Breteler MM, Ware JH, Grodstein F: Physical activity, including walking, and cognitive function in older women. JAMA. 2004, 292 (12): 1454-1461. 10.1001/jama.292.12.1454.CrossRefPubMed
44.
Verghese J, Lipton RB, Katz MJ, Hall CB, Derby CA, Kuslansky G, Ambrose AF, Sliwinski M, Buschke H: Leisure activities and the risk of dementia in the elderly. NEJM. 2003, 348 (25): 2508-2516. 10.1056/NEJMoa022252.CrossRefPubMed
45.
Hallal PC, Reichert FF, Siqueira FV, Dumith SC, Bastos JP, da Silva MC, Domingues MR, Azevedo MR, Ekelund U: Correlates of leisure-time physical activity differ by body-mass-index status in Brazilian adults. J Phys Act Health. 2008, 5 (4): 571-578.PubMed
46.
Fiatarone-Singh MA: Body composition and weight control in older adults. Perspectives in exercise science and sports medicine: exercise, nutrition and weight control. Edited by: Lamb DR, Murray R. 1998, Cooper Pub Co., Carmel, IN, 11: 243-293. 2
47.
Netz Y, Wu M: Physical aging and psychological well-being in advanced age: a meta-analysis of intervention studies. Psychol Aging. 2005, 20 (2): 272-284. 10.1037/0882-7974.20.2.272.CrossRefPubMed
48.
Galper DI, Trivedi MH, Barlow CE, Dunn AL, Kampert JB: Inverse association between physical inactivity and mental health in men and women. Med Sci Sports & Exerc. 2006, 38 (1): 173-178.CrossRef
49.
Van Gool CH, Kempen GI, Penninx BW, Deeg DJ, Beekman AT, van Eijk JT: Relationship between changes in depressive symptoms and unhealthy lifestyles in late middle aged and older persons: results from the Longitudinal Aging Study Amsterdam. Age Ageing. 2003, 32 (1): 81-87. 10.1093/ageing/32.1.81.CrossRefPubMed
50.
Iwasa H, Yoshida Y, Kumagai S, Ihara K, Yoshida H, Suzuki T: Depression status as a reliable predictor of functional decline among Japanese community-dwelling older adults: a 12-year population-based prospective cohort study. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry. 2009, 24 (11): 1192-1200. 10.1002/gps.2245.CrossRefPubMed
51.
Spirduso WW, Cronin DL: Exercise dose-response effects on quality of life and independent living in older adults. Med Sci Sports & Exerc. 2001, 33 (Suppl 6): 598-608.CrossRef
52.
Miller RR, Ballew SH, Shardell MD, Hicks GE, Hawkes WG, Resnick B, Magaziner J: Repeat falls and the recovery of social participation in the year post-hip fracture. Age Ageing. 2009, 38 (5): 570-575. 10.1093/ageing/afp107.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
53.
Zijlstra GA, van Haastregt JC, van Eijk JT, van Rossum E, Stalenhoef PA, Kempen GI: Prevalence and correlates of fear of falling, and associated avoidance of activity in the general population of community-living older people. Age Ageing. 2007, 36 (3): 304-309. 10.1093/ageing/afm021.CrossRefPubMed
54.
Delbaere K, Crombez G, Vanderstraeten G, Willems T, Cambier D: Fear-related avoidance of activities, falls and physical frailty. A prospective community-based cohort study. Age Ageing. 2004, 33 (4): 368-373. 10.1093/ageing/afh106.CrossRefPubMed
55.
Resnick B, Orwig D, D'Adamo C, Yu-Yahiro J, Hawkes W, Shardell M, Golden J, Zimmerman S, Magaziner J: Factors that influence exercise activity among women post hip fracture participating in the Exercise Plus Program. Clin Interv Aging. 2007, 2 (3): 413-427.PubMedPubMedCentral
56.
Casado AL, Resnick B, Zimmerman S, Nahm E, Orwig D, Macmillan K, Magaziner J: Social Support for Exercise by Experts in Older Women Post-Hip Fracture. J Women Aging. 2009, 21 (1): 48-62. 10.1080/08952840802633719.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
Metadata
Title
Health-related factors correlate with behavior trends in physical activity level in old age: longitudinal results from a population in São Paulo, Brazil
Authors
Marcela T Ferreira
Sandra MM Matsudo
Manoel CSA Ribeiro
Luiz R Ramos
Publication date
01-12-2010
Publisher
BioMed Central
Published in
BMC Public Health / Issue 1/2010
Electronic ISSN: 1471-2458
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2458-10-690

Other articles of this Issue 1/2010

BMC Public Health 1/2010 Go to the issue

Research article

Attributable mortality to radon exposure in Galicia, Spain. Is it necessary to act in the face of this health problem?

Research article

Measuring newborn foot length to identify small babies in need of extra care: a cross sectional hospital based study with community follow-up in Tanzania

Research article

Abdominal obesity and other risk factors largely explain the high CRP in Indigenous Australians relative to the general population, but not gender differences: a cross-sectional study

Research article

Traditional birth attendants lack basic information on HIV and safe delivery practices in rural Mysore, India

Research article

Adult asthma and traffic exposure at residential address, workplace address, and self-reported daily time outdoor in traffic: A two-stage case-control study

Study protocol

The design of a community lifestyle programme to improve the physical and psychological well-being of pregnant women with a BMI of 30 kg/m2or more