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BMC Public Health
Published in: BMC Public Health 1/2014

Open Access 01-12-2014 | Research article

Glycemic load, glycemic index, bread and incidence of overweight/obesity in a Mediterranean cohort: the SUN project

Authors: Carmen de la Fuente-Arrillaga, Miguel Angel Martinez-Gonzalez, Itziar Zazpe, Zenaida Vazquez-Ruiz, Silvia Benito-Corchon, Maira Bes-Rastrollo

Published in: BMC Public Health | Issue 1/2014

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Abstract

Background

To evaluate prospectively the relationship between white, or whole grain bread, and glycemic index, or glycemic load from diet and weight change in a Mediterranean cohort.

Methods

We followed-up 9 267 Spanish university graduates for a mean period of 5 years. Dietary habits at baseline were assessed using a semi-quantitative 136-item food-frequency questionnaire. Average yearly weight change was evaluated according to quintiles of baseline glycemic index, glycemic load, and categories of bread consumption. We also assessed the association between bread consumption, glycemic index, or glycemic load, and the incidence of overweight/obesity.

Results

White bread and whole-grain bread were not associated with higher weight gain. No association between glycemic index, glycemic load and weight change was found.
White bread consumption was directly associated with a higher risk of becoming overweight/obese (adjusted OR (≥2 portions/day) versus (≤1 portion/week): 1.40; 95% CI: 1.08-1.81; p for trend: 0.008). However, no statistically significant association was observed between whole-grain bread, glycemic index or glycemic load and overweight/obesity.

Conclusions

Consumption of white bread (≥2 portions/day) showed a significant direct association with the risk of becoming overweight/obese.
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Metadata
Title
Glycemic load, glycemic index, bread and incidence of overweight/obesity in a Mediterranean cohort: the SUN project
Authors
Carmen de la Fuente-Arrillaga
Miguel Angel Martinez-Gonzalez
Itziar Zazpe
Zenaida Vazquez-Ruiz
Silvia Benito-Corchon
Maira Bes-Rastrollo
Publication date
01-12-2014
Publisher
BioMed Central
Published in
BMC Public Health / Issue 1/2014
Electronic ISSN: 1471-2458
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2458-14-1091

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