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Diabetologia
Published in: Diabetologia 2/2005

01-02-2005 | Article

Glutamate uptake in retinal glial cells during diabetes

Authors: M. M. Ward, A. I. Jobling, M. Kalloniatis, E. L. Fletcher

Published in: Diabetologia | Issue 2/2005

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Abstract

Aims

Glutamate recycling is a major function of retinal Müller cells. The aim of this study was to evaluate the expression and function of glutamate transporters during diabetes.

Methods

Sprague–Dawley rats were rendered diabetic by a single dose of streptozotocin (50 mg/kg). Following 12 weeks of diabetes, immunolocalisation and mRNA expression of the two glial cell transporters, GLAST and EAAT4 were evaluated using indirect immunofluorescence and real-time PCR. The function of glutamate transport was investigated at 1, 4 and 12 weeks following induction of diabetes by measuring the level of uptake of the non-metabolisable glutamate analogue, d-aspartate, into Müller cells.

Results

There was no difference in the localisation of either GLAST or EAAT4 during diabetes. Although there was a small apparent increase in expression of both GLAST and EAAT4 in diabetic retinae compared with controls this was not statistically significant. At 1, 4 and 12 weeks following diabetes, d-aspartate immunoreactivity was significantly increased in Müller cells of diabetic rats compared to controls (p<0.001). The EC50 was found to increase by 0.304 log units in diabetic Müller cells compared with controls, suggesting that glutamate uptake is twice as efficient.

Conclusions

These data suggest that there are alterations in glutamate transport during diabetes. However, these changes are unlikely to play a significant role in glutamate-induced neuronal excitoxicity during diabetes. These results suggest that although Müller cells undergo gliosis at an early stage of diabetes, one of the most important functions for maintaining normal retinal function is preserved within the retina.
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Metadata
Title
Glutamate uptake in retinal glial cells during diabetes
Authors
M. M. Ward
A. I. Jobling
M. Kalloniatis
E. L. Fletcher
Publication date
01-02-2005
Publisher
Springer-Verlag
Published in
Diabetologia / Issue 2/2005
Print ISSN: 0012-186X
Electronic ISSN: 1432-0428
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00125-004-1639-5

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