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European Journal of Medical Research
Published in: European Journal of Medical Research 1/2023

Open Access 01-12-2023 | Glucocorticoid | Review

Orbital inflammatory pseudotumor: new advances in diagnosis, pathogenesis, and treatment

Authors: Yenan Fang, Bingyan Shen, Qin Dai, Qiqi Xie, Wencan Wu, Min Wang

Published in: European Journal of Medical Research | Issue 1/2023

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Abstract

Orbital inflammatory pseudotumor (OIP) is a benign, non-specific inflammatory disorder that commonly occurs in middle-aged adults and is usually unilateral but can occur bilaterally. Its clinical manifestations have tremendous clinical heterogeneity and vary according to the site of infiltration and the degree of lesions, including orbital pain, swelling, diplopia, proptosis, restricted eye movement, and decreased visual acuity. Clinical features, Image characteristics and pathological examinations often need to be evaluated to confirm the diagnosis. Currently, there is no systematic research on the pathogenesis of OIP, which may be related to immunity or infection. The first-line treatment is glucocorticoids. Radiotherapy, immunosuppressants, and biologics can be considered for treatment-resistant, hormone-dependent, or intolerant patients. In this review, we aim to summarize and focus on new insights into OIP, including new diagnostic criteria, pathogenesis, and discoveries in new drugs and treatment strategies. In particular, we highlight the literature and find that T cell-mediated immune responses are closely related to the pathogenesis of OIP. Further exploration of the mechanism and signaling pathway of T cells in the immune process will help to identify their therapeutic targets and carry out targeted therapy to treat refractory OIP and reduce the side effects of traditional treatments.
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Metadata
Title
Orbital inflammatory pseudotumor: new advances in diagnosis, pathogenesis, and treatment
Authors
Yenan Fang
Bingyan Shen
Qin Dai
Qiqi Xie
Wencan Wu
Min Wang
Publication date
01-12-2023
Publisher
BioMed Central
Keyword
Glucocorticoid
Published in
European Journal of Medical Research / Issue 1/2023
Electronic ISSN: 2047-783X
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/s40001-023-01330-0

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