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BMC Cancer
Published in: BMC Cancer 1/2021

01-12-2021 | Glioma | Research article

The diagnostic value of lower glucose consumption for IDH1 mutated gliomas on FDG-PET

Authors: Feng-Min Liu, Yu-fei Gao, Yanyan Kong, Yihui Guan, Jinsen Zhang, Shuai-Hong Li, Dan Ye, Wenyu Wen, Chuantao Zuo, Wei Hua

Published in: BMC Cancer | Issue 1/2021

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Abstract

Background

Non-invasive diagnosis of IDH1 mutation for gliomas has great clinical significance, and PET has natural advantage to detect metabolism, as IDH mutated gliomas share lower glucose consumption.

Methods

Clinical data of patients with gliomas and 18F-FDG PET were retrospectively reviewed. Receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) analysis was conducted, and standard uptake value (SUV) was estimated in combination with grades or IDH1 mutation. The glucose consumption was investigated with U251 cells expressing wild-type or mutated IDH1 by glucose assay. Quantification of glucose was determined by HPLC in clinical tissues. Meanwhile, bioinformatics and western blot were applied to analyze the expression level of metabolic enzymes (e.g. HK1, PKM2, PC) in gliomas.

Results

Seventy-one glioma cases were enrolled, including 30 carrying IDH1 mutation. The sensitivity and specificity dependent on SUVmax (3.85) predicting IDH1 mutation reached 73.2 and 86.7%, respectively. The sensitivity and specificity of differentiating grades by SUVmax (3.1) were 92.3 and 64.4%, respectively. Glucose consumption of U251 IDH1 mutant cells (0.209 ± 0.0472 mg/ml) was obviously lower than IDH1wild-type cells (0.978 ± 0.0773 mg/ml, P = 0.0001) and astrocyte controls (0.335 ± 0.0592 mg/ml, P = 0.0451). Meanwhile, the glucose quantity in IDH1mutant glioma samples were significantly lower than those in IDH1 wild-type tissues (1.033 ± 1.19608 vs 6.361 ± 4.3909 mg/g, P = 0.0051). Silico analysis and western blot confirmed that HK1 and PKM2 in IDH1 wild-type gliomas were significantly higher than in IDH1 mutant group, while PC was significantly higher in IDH1 mutant gliomas.

Conclusion

SUVmax on PET can predict IDH1 mutation with adequate sensitivity and specificity, as is supported by reduced glucose consumption in IDH1 mutant gliomas.
Appendix
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Metadata
Title
The diagnostic value of lower glucose consumption for IDH1 mutated gliomas on FDG-PET
Authors
Feng-Min Liu
Yu-fei Gao
Yanyan Kong
Yihui Guan
Jinsen Zhang
Shuai-Hong Li
Dan Ye
Wenyu Wen
Chuantao Zuo
Wei Hua
Publication date
01-12-2021
Publisher
BioMed Central
Published in
BMC Cancer / Issue 1/2021
Electronic ISSN: 1471-2407
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12885-021-07797-6

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