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BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies

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Open Access 01-12-2021 | Glioblastoma | Research

Bio-guided bioactive profiling and HPLC-DAD fingerprinting of Ukrainian saffron (Crocus sativus stigmas): moving from correlation toward causation

Authors: Olha Mykhailenko, Vilma Petrikaitė, Michal Korinek, Mohamed El-Shazly, Bing-Hung Chen, Chia-Hung Yen, Chung-Fan Hsieh, Ivan Bezruk, Asta Dabrišiūtė, Liudas Ivanauskas, Victoriya Georgiyants, Tsong-Long Hwang

Published in: BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies | Issue 1/2021

Abstract

Background

Saffron or stigmas of Crocus sativus L. is one of the most valuable food products with interesting health-promoting properties. C. sativus has been widely used as a coloring and flavoring agent. Stigmas secondary metabolites showed potent cytotoxic effects in previous reports.

Methods

The present study investigated the chemical composition and the cytotoxic effect of Ukrainian saffron crude extracts and individual compounds against melanoma IGR39, triple-negative breast cancer MDA-MB-231, and glioblastoma U-87 cell lines in vitro using MTT assay. Several bioactivity in vitro assays were performed. The chemical profile of the water and hydroethanolic (70%, v/v) crude extracts of saffron stigmas was elucidated by HPLC-DAD analysis.

Results

Seven compounds were identified including crocin, picrocrocin, safranal, rutin, apigenin, caffeic acid, ferulic acid. Crocin, picrocrocin, safranal, rutin, and apigenin were the major active constituents of Ukrainian C. sativus stigmas. The hydroethanolic extract significantly reduced the viability of MDA-MB-231 and IGR39 cells and the effect was more potent in comparison with the water extract. However, the water extract was almost 5.6 times more active against the U-87 cell line (EC₅₀ of the water extract against U-87 was 0.15 ± 0.02 mg/mL, and EC₅₀ of the hydroethanolic extract was 0.83 ± 0.03 mg/mL). The pure compounds, apigenin, and caffeic acid also showed high cytotoxic activity against breast cancer, melanoma, and glioblastoma cell lines. The screening of the biological activities of stigmas water extract (up to 100 μg/mL) including anti-allergic, anti-virus, anti-neuraminidase, and anti-inflammatory effects revealed its inhibitory activity against neuraminidase enzyme by 41%.

Conclusions

The presented results revealed the qualitative and quantitative chemical composition and biological activity of Crocus sativus stigmas from Ukraine as a source of natural anticancer and neuraminidase inhibitory agents. The results of the extracts’ bioactivity suggested future potential applications of saffron as a natural remedy against several cancers.

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Title: Bio-guided bioactive profiling and HPLC-DAD fingerprinting of Ukrainian saffron (Crocus sativus stigmas): moving from correlation toward causation
Authors: Olha Mykhailenko
Vilma Petrikaitė
Michal Korinek
Mohamed El-Shazly
Bing-Hung Chen
Chia-Hung Yen
Chung-Fan Hsieh
Ivan Bezruk
Asta Dabrišiūtė
Liudas Ivanauskas
Victoriya Georgiyants
Tsong-Long Hwang
Publication date: 01-12-2021
Publisher: BioMed Central
Keywords: Glioblastoma
Glioblastoma
Glioblastoma
Published in: BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies / Issue 1/2021
Electronic ISSN: 2662-7671
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12906-021-03374-3

Keynote webinar | Spotlight on medication adherence

Springer Medicine

Bio-guided bioactive profiling and HPLC-DAD fingerprinting of Ukrainian saffron (Crocus sativus stigmas): moving from correlation toward causation

Abstract

Background

Methods

Results

Conclusions

Keynote webinar | Spotlight on medication adherence

Springer Medicine

Abstract

Background

Methods

Results

Conclusions

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