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BMC Oral Health
Published in: BMC Oral Health 1/2023

Open Access 01-12-2023 | Gingival Diseases | Research

The impact of periodontal disease on the clinical outcomes of COVID-19: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Authors: Sadeq Ali Al-Maweri, Mohammed Nasser Alhajj, Esam Halboub, Faleh Tamimi, Nosizana Mohd Salleh, Mohammed Sultan Al-Ak’hali, Saba Kassim, Saleem Abdulrab, Lamyia Anweigi, Marwan Mansoor Ali Mohammed

Published in: BMC Oral Health | Issue 1/2023

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Abstract

Background

A possible relationship between periodontitis (PD) and COVID-19 and its adverse outcomes has been suggested. Hence, the present systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to investigate the available evidence regarding the potential association between periodontitis (PD) and COVID-19 and its adverse outcomes.

Materials and methods

PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar were searched for relevant studies published up to April 15th, 2023. Studies that evaluated the association between PD and COVID-19 were included. Risk of bias was evaluated by two reviewers, and meta-analyses were performed using RevMan 5.3 software.

Results

A total of 22 studies involving 92,535 patients from USA, Europe, Asia, the Middle East and South America were included; of these, 12 were pooled into the meta-analysis. Most of the studies (19 studies) reported a significant association between PD and COVID-19. The pooled data found a significant association between PD and COVID-19 outcomes: more severe symptoms (OR = 6.95, P = 0.0008), ICU admissions (OR = 3.15, P = 0.0001), and mortality (OR = 1.92, P = 0.21). Additionally, compared to mild PD, severe PD was significantly associated with higher risks of severe COVID-19 outcomes: severe symptoms (P = 0.02); ICU admission (P = 0.0001); and higher mortality rates (P = 0.0001). The results also revealed 58% higher risk for COVID-19 infection in patients with PD (P = 0.00001).

Conclusions

The present findings suggest a possible association between poor periodontal health and the risk of poor COVID-19 outcomes. However, owing to the observed methodological heterogeneity across the included studies, further prospective cohort studies with standardized methodologies are warranted to further unravel the potential association between periodontal disease and COVID-19 and its adverse outcomes.
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Metadata
Title
The impact of periodontal disease on the clinical outcomes of COVID-19: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors
Sadeq Ali Al-Maweri
Mohammed Nasser Alhajj
Esam Halboub
Faleh Tamimi
Nosizana Mohd Salleh
Mohammed Sultan Al-Ak’hali
Saba Kassim
Saleem Abdulrab
Lamyia Anweigi
Marwan Mansoor Ali Mohammed
Publication date
01-12-2023
Publisher
BioMed Central
Published in
BMC Oral Health / Issue 1/2023
Electronic ISSN: 1472-6831
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12903-023-03378-0

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