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BMC Cancer
Published in: BMC Cancer 1/2007

Open Access 01-12-2007 | Research article

Gene expression profiles of prostate cancer reveal involvement of multiple molecular pathways in the metastatic process

Authors: Uma R Chandran, Changqing Ma, Rajiv Dhir, Michelle Bisceglia, Maureen Lyons-Weiler, Wenjing Liang, George Michalopoulos, Michael Becich, Federico A Monzon

Published in: BMC Cancer | Issue 1/2007

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Abstract

Background

Prostate cancer is characterized by heterogeneity in the clinical course that often does not correlate with morphologic features of the tumor. Metastasis reflects the most adverse outcome of prostate cancer, and to date there are no reliable morphologic features or serum biomarkers that can reliably predict which patients are at higher risk of developing metastatic disease. Understanding the differences in the biology of metastatic and organ confined primary tumors is essential for developing new prognostic markers and therapeutic targets.

Methods

Using Affymetrix oligonucleotide arrays, we analyzed gene expression profiles of 24 androgen-ablation resistant metastatic samples obtained from 4 patients and a previously published dataset of 64 primary prostate tumor samples. Differential gene expression was analyzed after removing potentially uninformative stromal genes, addressing the differences in cellular content between primary and metastatic tumors.

Results

The metastatic samples are highly heterogenous in expression; however, differential expression analysis shows that 415 genes are upregulated and 364 genes are downregulated at least 2 fold in every patient with metastasis. The expression profile of metastatic samples reveals changes in expression of a unique set of genes representing both the androgen ablation related pathways and other metastasis related gene networks such as cell adhesion, bone remodelling and cell cycle. The differentially expressed genes include metabolic enzymes, transcription factors such as Forkhead Box M1 (FoxM1) and cell adhesion molecules such as Osteopontin (SPP1).

Conclusion

We hypothesize that these genes have a role in the biology of metastatic disease and that they represent potential therapeutic targets for prostate cancer.
Appendix
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Metadata
Title
Gene expression profiles of prostate cancer reveal involvement of multiple molecular pathways in the metastatic process
Authors
Uma R Chandran
Changqing Ma
Rajiv Dhir
Michelle Bisceglia
Maureen Lyons-Weiler
Wenjing Liang
George Michalopoulos
Michael Becich
Federico A Monzon
Publication date
01-12-2007
Publisher
BioMed Central
Published in
BMC Cancer / Issue 1/2007
Electronic ISSN: 1471-2407
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2407-7-64

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