Skip to main content
Top
Published in: BMC Cancer 1/2020

Open Access 01-12-2020 | Folic Acid | Research article

Association of MTHFR C677T polymorphism with severity and localization of chronic atrophic gastritis patients without Helicobacter pylori infection: a case control study

Authors: Siya Kong, Feng Ye, Yini Dang, Yifei Hua, Guoxin Zhang

Published in: BMC Cancer | Issue 1/2020

Login to get access

Abstract

Background

Previous reports indicate that the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) 677C > T polymorphism plays a role in gastric cancer. However, whether it influences the development and progression of atrophic gastritis remains ambiguous. We aimed to determine the possible relationship between MTHFR C677T polymorphism and the severity of atrophic gastritis.

Methods

A total of 128 patients without Helicobacter pylori infection were included in the study. The severity of gastric atrophy was assessed by pathological diagnosis using OLGA and OLGIM Gastritis Staging System. MTHFR 677C > T genotyping was performed by digital fluorescence molecular hybridization. Categorical variables were analyzed by percentages using the χ2 test.

Results

In this study, the TT genotype was significantly more frequent among Helicobacter pylori-negative patients aged ≤44 years (age ≤ 44 years vs. > 44 years, P = 0.039). Patients with TT genotype showed a higher ratio of incisura with atrophy or intestinal metaplasia (TT vs. CC + CT, P = 0.02). Furthermore, TT genotype was associated with more severe lesions compared with the CC + CT genotypes (TT vs. CC + CT for atrophy: P = 0.07; for intestinal metaplasia: P = 0.01; for moderate-to-severe lesions: P = 0.01). OLGA and OLGIM stages III-IV were observed more frequently in patients with TT genotype compared with CC + CT genotypes (for OLGA: P = 0.003; for OLGIM: P = 0.036).

Conclusions

The MTHFR 677C > T TT genotype showed an increased risk of moderate-to-severe lesions by OLGA and OLGIM stages, and these results indicate that MTHFR C677T polymorphism may act as a predictive marker for precancerous gastric lesions, especially in Helicobacter pylori-negative patients aged ≤44 years.
Literature
1.
go back to reference Bray F, Ferlay J, Soerjomataram I, Siegel RL, Torre LA, Jemal A. Global cancer statistics 2018: GLOBOCAN estimates of incidence and mortality worldwide for 36 cancers in 185 countries. CA Cancer J Clin. 2018;68(6):394–424.PubMedCrossRef Bray F, Ferlay J, Soerjomataram I, Siegel RL, Torre LA, Jemal A. Global cancer statistics 2018: GLOBOCAN estimates of incidence and mortality worldwide for 36 cancers in 185 countries. CA Cancer J Clin. 2018;68(6):394–424.PubMedCrossRef
2.
go back to reference Dor Y, Cedar H. Principles of DNA methylation and their implications for biology and medicine. Lancet. 2018;392(10149):777–86.PubMedCrossRef Dor Y, Cedar H. Principles of DNA methylation and their implications for biology and medicine. Lancet. 2018;392(10149):777–86.PubMedCrossRef
4.
go back to reference Kaji K, Hashiba A, Uotani C, Yamaguchi Y, Ueno T, Ohno K, Takabatake I, Wakabayashi T, Doyama H, Ninomiya I, et al. Correction: grading of atrophic gastritis is useful for risk stratification in endoscopic screening for gastric Cancer. Am J Gastroenterol. 2019;114(5):836.PubMedCrossRef Kaji K, Hashiba A, Uotani C, Yamaguchi Y, Ueno T, Ohno K, Takabatake I, Wakabayashi T, Doyama H, Ninomiya I, et al. Correction: grading of atrophic gastritis is useful for risk stratification in endoscopic screening for gastric Cancer. Am J Gastroenterol. 2019;114(5):836.PubMedCrossRef
5.
6.
go back to reference Coppedè F, Stoccoro A, Tannorella P, Gallo R, Nicolì V, Migliore L. Association of Polymorphisms in Genes Involved in One-Carbon Metabolism with MTHFR Methylation Levels. Int J Mol Sci. 2019;20(15):3754.PubMedCentralCrossRef Coppedè F, Stoccoro A, Tannorella P, Gallo R, Nicolì V, Migliore L. Association of Polymorphisms in Genes Involved in One-Carbon Metabolism with MTHFR Methylation Levels. Int J Mol Sci. 2019;20(15):3754.PubMedCentralCrossRef
7.
go back to reference Yang B, Fan S, Zhi X, Xia R, Wang Y, Zheng Q, Sun G. Geographical and ethnic distribution of MTHFR gene polymorphisms and their associations with diseases among Chinese population. Clin Genet. 2017;92(3):243–58.PubMedCrossRef Yang B, Fan S, Zhi X, Xia R, Wang Y, Zheng Q, Sun G. Geographical and ethnic distribution of MTHFR gene polymorphisms and their associations with diseases among Chinese population. Clin Genet. 2017;92(3):243–58.PubMedCrossRef
9.
go back to reference Sun A, Yu-Fong Chang J, Chiang CP. Smart link of chronic atrophic gastritis with atrophic glossitis, gastric parietal cell antibody positivity, vitamin B12 deficiency, and hyperhomocysteinemia. J Formos Med Assoc. 2020;119(5):1006–7.PubMedCrossRef Sun A, Yu-Fong Chang J, Chiang CP. Smart link of chronic atrophic gastritis with atrophic glossitis, gastric parietal cell antibody positivity, vitamin B12 deficiency, and hyperhomocysteinemia. J Formos Med Assoc. 2020;119(5):1006–7.PubMedCrossRef
10.
go back to reference Hasan T, Arora R, Bansal AK, Bhattacharya R, Sharma GS, Singh LR. Disturbed homocysteine metabolism is associated with cancer. Exp Mol Med. 2019;51(2):21.PubMedCentralCrossRef Hasan T, Arora R, Bansal AK, Bhattacharya R, Sharma GS, Singh LR. Disturbed homocysteine metabolism is associated with cancer. Exp Mol Med. 2019;51(2):21.PubMedCentralCrossRef
11.
go back to reference Santarelli L, Gabrielli M, Cremonini F, Santoliquido A, Candelli M, Nista EC, Pola P, Gasbarrini G, Gasbarrini A. Atrophic gastritis as a cause of hyperhomocysteinaemia. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2004;19(1):107–11.PubMedCrossRef Santarelli L, Gabrielli M, Cremonini F, Santoliquido A, Candelli M, Nista EC, Pola P, Gasbarrini G, Gasbarrini A. Atrophic gastritis as a cause of hyperhomocysteinaemia. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2004;19(1):107–11.PubMedCrossRef
12.
go back to reference Xia LZ, Liu Y, Xu XZ, Jiang PC, Ma G, Bu XF, Zhang YJ, Yu F, Xu KS, Li H. Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase C677T and A1298C polymorphisms and gastric cancer susceptibility. World J Gastroenterol. 2014;20(32):11429–38.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef Xia LZ, Liu Y, Xu XZ, Jiang PC, Ma G, Bu XF, Zhang YJ, Yu F, Xu KS, Li H. Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase C677T and A1298C polymorphisms and gastric cancer susceptibility. World J Gastroenterol. 2014;20(32):11429–38.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
13.
go back to reference Xie SZ, Liu ZZ, Yu JH, Liu L, Wang W, Xie DL, Qin JB. Association between the MTHFR C677T polymorphism and risk of cancer: evidence from 446 case-control studies. Tumour Biol. 2015;36(11):8953–72.PubMedCrossRef Xie SZ, Liu ZZ, Yu JH, Liu L, Wang W, Xie DL, Qin JB. Association between the MTHFR C677T polymorphism and risk of cancer: evidence from 446 case-control studies. Tumour Biol. 2015;36(11):8953–72.PubMedCrossRef
14.
go back to reference Chen L, Lu N, Zhang BH, Weng LI, Lu J. Association between the MTHFR C677T polymorphism and gastric cancer susceptibility: a meta-analysis of 5,757 cases and 8,501 controls. Oncol Lett. 2015;10(2):1159–65.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef Chen L, Lu N, Zhang BH, Weng LI, Lu J. Association between the MTHFR C677T polymorphism and gastric cancer susceptibility: a meta-analysis of 5,757 cases and 8,501 controls. Oncol Lett. 2015;10(2):1159–65.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
15.
go back to reference Yun CY, Kim N, Lee J, Lee JY, Hwang YJ, Lee HS, Yoon H, Shin CM, Park YS, Kim JW, et al. Usefulness of OLGA and OLGIM system not only for intestinal type but also for diffuse type of gastric cancer, and no interaction among the gastric cancer risk factors. Helicobacter. 2018;23(6):e12542.PubMedCrossRef Yun CY, Kim N, Lee J, Lee JY, Hwang YJ, Lee HS, Yoon H, Shin CM, Park YS, Kim JW, et al. Usefulness of OLGA and OLGIM system not only for intestinal type but also for diffuse type of gastric cancer, and no interaction among the gastric cancer risk factors. Helicobacter. 2018;23(6):e12542.PubMedCrossRef
16.
go back to reference Dixon MF, Genta RM, Yardley JH, Correa P. Classification and grading of gastritis. The updated Sydney system. International workshop on the histopathology of gastritis, Houston 1994. Am J Surg Pathol. 1996;20(10):1161–81.PubMedCrossRef Dixon MF, Genta RM, Yardley JH, Correa P. Classification and grading of gastritis. The updated Sydney system. International workshop on the histopathology of gastritis, Houston 1994. Am J Surg Pathol. 1996;20(10):1161–81.PubMedCrossRef
17.
go back to reference Kimura K, Satoh K, Ido K, Taniguchi Y, Takimoto T, Takemoto T. Gastritis in the Japanese stomach. Scand J Gastroenterol Suppl. 1996;214:17–20.PubMedCrossRef Kimura K, Satoh K, Ido K, Taniguchi Y, Takimoto T, Takemoto T. Gastritis in the Japanese stomach. Scand J Gastroenterol Suppl. 1996;214:17–20.PubMedCrossRef
19.
go back to reference Bai Y, Wu HW, Ma X, Liu Y, Zhang YH. Relationship between UGT1A1*6/*28 gene polymorphisms and the efficacy and toxicity of irinotecan-based chemotherapy. OncoTargets Therapy. 2017;10:3071–81.PubMedCrossRefPubMedCentral Bai Y, Wu HW, Ma X, Liu Y, Zhang YH. Relationship between UGT1A1*6/*28 gene polymorphisms and the efficacy and toxicity of irinotecan-based chemotherapy. OncoTargets Therapy. 2017;10:3071–81.PubMedCrossRefPubMedCentral
20.
go back to reference de Benoist B. Conclusions of a WHO technical consultation on folate and vitamin B12 deficiencies. Food Nutr Bull. 2008;29(2):238–44.CrossRef de Benoist B. Conclusions of a WHO technical consultation on folate and vitamin B12 deficiencies. Food Nutr Bull. 2008;29(2):238–44.CrossRef
21.
go back to reference Kono S, Gotoda T, Yoshida S, Oda I, Kondo H, Gatta L, Naylor G, Dixon M, Moriyasu F, Axon A. Can endoscopic atrophy predict histological atrophy? Historical study in United Kingdom and Japan. World J Gastroenterol. 2015;21(46):13113–23.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef Kono S, Gotoda T, Yoshida S, Oda I, Kondo H, Gatta L, Naylor G, Dixon M, Moriyasu F, Axon A. Can endoscopic atrophy predict histological atrophy? Historical study in United Kingdom and Japan. World J Gastroenterol. 2015;21(46):13113–23.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
22.
go back to reference Yan S, Xu D, Wang P, Wang P, Liu C, Hua C, Jiang T, Zhang B, Li Z, Lu L, et al. MTHFR C677T polymorphism contributes to the risk for gastric cancer. Tumour Biol. 2014;35(3):2123–32.PubMedCrossRef Yan S, Xu D, Wang P, Wang P, Liu C, Hua C, Jiang T, Zhang B, Li Z, Lu L, et al. MTHFR C677T polymorphism contributes to the risk for gastric cancer. Tumour Biol. 2014;35(3):2123–32.PubMedCrossRef
23.
go back to reference Mazzuca F, Borro M, Botticelli A, Aimati L, Gentile G, Capalbo C, Maddalena C, Mazzotti E, Simmaco M, Marchetti P. Effect of MTHFR polymorphisms on gastrointestinal Cancer risk in Italy. World J Oncol. 2015;6(4):394–7.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef Mazzuca F, Borro M, Botticelli A, Aimati L, Gentile G, Capalbo C, Maddalena C, Mazzotti E, Simmaco M, Marchetti P. Effect of MTHFR polymorphisms on gastrointestinal Cancer risk in Italy. World J Oncol. 2015;6(4):394–7.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
24.
go back to reference Boccia S, Hung R, Ricciardi G, Gianfagna F, Ebert MP, Fang JY, Gao CM, Gotze T, Graziano F, Lacasana-Navarro M, et al. Meta- and pooled analyses of the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase C677T and A1298C polymorphisms and gastric cancer risk: a huge-GSEC review. Am J Epidemiol. 2008;167(5):505–16.PubMedCrossRef Boccia S, Hung R, Ricciardi G, Gianfagna F, Ebert MP, Fang JY, Gao CM, Gotze T, Graziano F, Lacasana-Navarro M, et al. Meta- and pooled analyses of the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase C677T and A1298C polymorphisms and gastric cancer risk: a huge-GSEC review. Am J Epidemiol. 2008;167(5):505–16.PubMedCrossRef
25.
go back to reference Tang M, Wang SQ, Liu BJ, Cao Q, Li BJ, Li PC, Li YF, Qin C, Zhang W. The methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) C677T polymorphism and tumor risk: evidence from 134 case-control studies. Mol Biol Rep. 2014;41(7):4659–73.PubMedCrossRef Tang M, Wang SQ, Liu BJ, Cao Q, Li BJ, Li PC, Li YF, Qin C, Zhang W. The methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) C677T polymorphism and tumor risk: evidence from 134 case-control studies. Mol Biol Rep. 2014;41(7):4659–73.PubMedCrossRef
26.
go back to reference Lahner E, Zagari RM, Zullo A, Di Sabatino A, Meggio A, Cesaro P, Lenti MV, Annibale B, Corazza GR. Chronic atrophic gastritis: natural history, diagnosis and therapeutic management. A position paper by the Italian Society of Hospital Gastroenterologists and Digestive Endoscopists [AIGO], the Italian Society of Digestive Endoscopy [SIED], the Italian Society of Gastroenterology [SIGE], and the Italian Society of Internal Medicine [SIMI]. Dig Liver Dis. 2019;51(12):1621–32.PubMedCrossRef Lahner E, Zagari RM, Zullo A, Di Sabatino A, Meggio A, Cesaro P, Lenti MV, Annibale B, Corazza GR. Chronic atrophic gastritis: natural history, diagnosis and therapeutic management. A position paper by the Italian Society of Hospital Gastroenterologists and Digestive Endoscopists [AIGO], the Italian Society of Digestive Endoscopy [SIED], the Italian Society of Gastroenterology [SIGE], and the Italian Society of Internal Medicine [SIMI]. Dig Liver Dis. 2019;51(12):1621–32.PubMedCrossRef
27.
go back to reference Rugge M, Fassan M, Pizzi M, Farinati F, Sturniolo GC, Plebani M, Graham DY. Operative link for gastritis assessment vs operative link on intestinal metaplasia assessment. World J Gastroenterol. 2011;17(41):4596–601.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef Rugge M, Fassan M, Pizzi M, Farinati F, Sturniolo GC, Plebani M, Graham DY. Operative link for gastritis assessment vs operative link on intestinal metaplasia assessment. World J Gastroenterol. 2011;17(41):4596–601.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
28.
go back to reference Lin J, Zeng RM, Li RN, Cao WH. Aberrant DNA methylation of the P16, MGMT, and hMLH1 genes in combination with the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase C677T genetic polymorphism and folate intake in gastric cancer. Genet Mol Res. 2014;13(1):2060–8.PubMedCrossRef Lin J, Zeng RM, Li RN, Cao WH. Aberrant DNA methylation of the P16, MGMT, and hMLH1 genes in combination with the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase C677T genetic polymorphism and folate intake in gastric cancer. Genet Mol Res. 2014;13(1):2060–8.PubMedCrossRef
29.
go back to reference Yoo JY, Kim SY, Hwang JA, Hong SH, Shin A, Choi IJ, Lee YS. Association study between Folate pathway gene single nucleotide polymorphisms and gastric Cancer in Koreans. Genomics Inform. 2012;10(3):184–93.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef Yoo JY, Kim SY, Hwang JA, Hong SH, Shin A, Choi IJ, Lee YS. Association study between Folate pathway gene single nucleotide polymorphisms and gastric Cancer in Koreans. Genomics Inform. 2012;10(3):184–93.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
30.
go back to reference Baroudi O, Benammar-Elgaaied A. Involvement of genetic factors and lifestyle on the occurrence of colorectal and gastric cancer. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol. 2016;107:72–81.PubMedCrossRef Baroudi O, Benammar-Elgaaied A. Involvement of genetic factors and lifestyle on the occurrence of colorectal and gastric cancer. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol. 2016;107:72–81.PubMedCrossRef
31.
go back to reference Itou S, Goto Y, Kondo T, Nishio K, Kawai S, Ishida Y, Naito M, Hamajima N. No associations of helicobacter pylori infection and gastric atrophy with plasma total homocysteine in Japanese. Int J Med Sci. 2007;4(2):98–104.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef Itou S, Goto Y, Kondo T, Nishio K, Kawai S, Ishida Y, Naito M, Hamajima N. No associations of helicobacter pylori infection and gastric atrophy with plasma total homocysteine in Japanese. Int J Med Sci. 2007;4(2):98–104.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
32.
go back to reference Palladino M, Chiusolo P, Reddiconto G, Marietti S, De Ritis D, Leone G, Sica S. MTHFR polymorphisms involved in vitamin B12 deficiency associated with atrophic gastritis. Biochem Genet. 2009;47(9–10):645–50.PubMedCrossRef Palladino M, Chiusolo P, Reddiconto G, Marietti S, De Ritis D, Leone G, Sica S. MTHFR polymorphisms involved in vitamin B12 deficiency associated with atrophic gastritis. Biochem Genet. 2009;47(9–10):645–50.PubMedCrossRef
33.
go back to reference Zhang M, Liu S, Hu Y, Bao HB, Meng LN, Wang XT, Xu Y, Zhao J, Lu B. Biopsy strategies for endoscopic screening of pre-malignant gastric lesions. Sci Rep. 2019;9(1):14909.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef Zhang M, Liu S, Hu Y, Bao HB, Meng LN, Wang XT, Xu Y, Zhao J, Lu B. Biopsy strategies for endoscopic screening of pre-malignant gastric lesions. Sci Rep. 2019;9(1):14909.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
34.
go back to reference Varbanova M, Wex T, Jechorek D, Rohl FW, Langner C, Selgrad M, Malfertheiner P. Impact of the angulus biopsy for the detection of gastric preneoplastic conditions and gastric cancer risk assessment. J Clin Pathol. 2016;69(1):19–25.PubMedCrossRef Varbanova M, Wex T, Jechorek D, Rohl FW, Langner C, Selgrad M, Malfertheiner P. Impact of the angulus biopsy for the detection of gastric preneoplastic conditions and gastric cancer risk assessment. J Clin Pathol. 2016;69(1):19–25.PubMedCrossRef
35.
go back to reference Isajevs S, Liepniece-Karele I, Janciauskas D, Moisejevs G, Funka K, Kikuste I, Vanags A, Tolmanis I, Leja M. The effect of incisura angularis biopsy sampling on the assessment of gastritis stage. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2014;26(5):510–3.PubMedCrossRef Isajevs S, Liepniece-Karele I, Janciauskas D, Moisejevs G, Funka K, Kikuste I, Vanags A, Tolmanis I, Leja M. The effect of incisura angularis biopsy sampling on the assessment of gastritis stage. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2014;26(5):510–3.PubMedCrossRef
36.
go back to reference Song H, Held M, Sandin S, Rautelin H, Eliasson M, Soderberg S, Hallmans G, Engstrand L, Nyren O, Ye W. Increase in the prevalence of atrophic gastritis among adults age 35 to 44 years old in northern Sweden between 1990 and 2009. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2015;13(9):1592–600.PubMedCrossRef Song H, Held M, Sandin S, Rautelin H, Eliasson M, Soderberg S, Hallmans G, Engstrand L, Nyren O, Ye W. Increase in the prevalence of atrophic gastritis among adults age 35 to 44 years old in northern Sweden between 1990 and 2009. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2015;13(9):1592–600.PubMedCrossRef
37.
go back to reference Hirabayashi M, Inoue M, Sawada N, Saito E, Abe SK, Hidaka A, Iwasaki M, Yamaji T, Shimazu T, Shibuya K, et al. Effect of body-mass index on the risk of gastric cancer: a population-based cohort study in a Japanese population. Cancer Epidemiol. 2019;63:101622.PubMedCrossRef Hirabayashi M, Inoue M, Sawada N, Saito E, Abe SK, Hidaka A, Iwasaki M, Yamaji T, Shimazu T, Shibuya K, et al. Effect of body-mass index on the risk of gastric cancer: a population-based cohort study in a Japanese population. Cancer Epidemiol. 2019;63:101622.PubMedCrossRef
38.
go back to reference Sonnenberg A, Genta RM. Changes in the gastric mucosa with aging. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2015;13(13):2276–81.PubMedCrossRef Sonnenberg A, Genta RM. Changes in the gastric mucosa with aging. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2015;13(13):2276–81.PubMedCrossRef
39.
go back to reference de Vries AC, Meijer GA, Looman CW, Casparie MK, Hansen BE, van Grieken NC, Kuipers EJ. Epidemiological trends of pre-malignant gastric lesions: a long-term nationwide study in the Netherlands. Gut. 2007;56(12):1665–70.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef de Vries AC, Meijer GA, Looman CW, Casparie MK, Hansen BE, van Grieken NC, Kuipers EJ. Epidemiological trends of pre-malignant gastric lesions: a long-term nationwide study in the Netherlands. Gut. 2007;56(12):1665–70.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
40.
go back to reference Kim YI. Folate and cancer: a tale of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde? Am J Clin Nutr. 2018;107(2):139–42.PubMedCrossRef Kim YI. Folate and cancer: a tale of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde? Am J Clin Nutr. 2018;107(2):139–42.PubMedCrossRef
41.
go back to reference Quach DT, Hiyama T, Le HM, Nguyen TS, Gotoda T. Use of endoscopic assessment of gastric atrophy for gastric cancer risk stratification to reduce the need for gastric mapping. Scand J Gastroenterol. 2020;55(4):402–7.PubMedCrossRef Quach DT, Hiyama T, Le HM, Nguyen TS, Gotoda T. Use of endoscopic assessment of gastric atrophy for gastric cancer risk stratification to reduce the need for gastric mapping. Scand J Gastroenterol. 2020;55(4):402–7.PubMedCrossRef
42.
go back to reference Fu Y, Wang X, Kong W. Hyperhomocysteinaemia and vascular injury: advances in mechanisms and drug targets. Br J Pharmacol. 2018;175(8):1173–89.PubMedCrossRef Fu Y, Wang X, Kong W. Hyperhomocysteinaemia and vascular injury: advances in mechanisms and drug targets. Br J Pharmacol. 2018;175(8):1173–89.PubMedCrossRef
Metadata
Title
Association of MTHFR C677T polymorphism with severity and localization of chronic atrophic gastritis patients without Helicobacter pylori infection: a case control study
Authors
Siya Kong
Feng Ye
Yini Dang
Yifei Hua
Guoxin Zhang
Publication date
01-12-2020
Publisher
BioMed Central
Published in
BMC Cancer / Issue 1/2020
Electronic ISSN: 1471-2407
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12885-020-07208-2

Other articles of this Issue 1/2020

BMC Cancer 1/2020 Go to the issue
Webinar | 19-02-2024 | 17:30 (CET)

Keynote webinar | Spotlight on antibody–drug conjugates in cancer

Antibody–drug conjugates (ADCs) are novel agents that have shown promise across multiple tumor types. Explore the current landscape of ADCs in breast and lung cancer with our experts, and gain insights into the mechanism of action, key clinical trials data, existing challenges, and future directions.

Dr. Véronique Diéras
Prof. Fabrice Barlesi
Developed by: Springer Medicine