Skip to main content
Key Specialties
Cardiology Diabetology Endocrinology Gastroenterology Geriatrics and Gerontology Gynecology and Obstetrics Hematology Infectious Disease Internal Medicine Nephrology Neurology Oncology Pediatrics Respiratory Medicine Rheumatology Surgery
Congress Coverage
2024 ACC Congress 2023 ESMO Congress 2023 EASD Congress 2023 ERS Congress 2023 ESC Congress
Clinical Collections
Advances in Alzheimer’s

At a glance: The STEP trials

A round-up of the STEP phase 3 clinical trials evaluating semaglutide for weight loss in people with overweight or obesity.
ADVANCED SEARCH
Log in
Top
Pediatric Radiology
Published in: Pediatric Radiology 4/2018

01-04-2018 | Minisymposium: Fetal/neonatal imaging

Fetal anterior abdominal wall defects: prenatal imaging by magnetic resonance imaging

Authors: Teresa Victoria, Savvas Andronikou, Diana Bowen, Pablo Laje, Dana A. Weiss, Ann M. Johnson, William H. Peranteau, Douglas A. Canning, N. Scott Adzick

Published in: Pediatric Radiology | Issue 4/2018

Login to get access

Abstract

Abdominal wall defects range from the mild umbilical cord hernia to the highly complex limb–body wall syndrome. The most common defects are gastroschisis and omphalocele, and the rarer ones include the exstrophy complex, pentalogy of Cantrell and limb–body wall syndrome. Although all have a common feature of viscera herniation through a defect in the anterior body wall, their imaging features and, more important, postnatal management, differ widely. Correct diagnosis of each entity is imperative in order to achieve appropriate and accurate prenatal counseling and postnatal management. In this paper, we discuss fetal abdominal wall defects and present diagnostic pearls to aid with diagnosis.
Literature
1.
Pakdaman R, Woodward PJ, Kennedy A (2015) Complex abdominal wall defects: appearances at prenatal imaging. Radiographics 35:636–649CrossRefPubMed
2.
Haas J, Achiron R, Barzilay E et al (2011) Umbilical cord hernias: prenatal diagnosis and natural history. J Ultrasound Med 30:1629–1632CrossRefPubMed
3.
Emanuel PG, Garcia GI, Angtuaco TL (1995) Prenatal detection of anterior abdominal wall defects with US. Radiographics 15:517–530CrossRefPubMed
4.
Schoenwolf GC, Bleyl SB, Brauer PR et al (2015) Larsen’s human embryology. Elsevier/Churchill Livingstone, Philadelphia, p 1
5.
Glick PL, Harrison MR, Adzick NS et al (1985) The missing link in the pathogenesis of gastroschisis. J Pediatr Surg 20:406–409CrossRefPubMed
6.
Giuliani S, Gamba P, Kiblawi R et al (2014) Lymphocele after pediatric kidney transplantation: incidence and risk factors. Pediatr Transplant 18:720–725CrossRefPubMed
7.
Friedman AM, Ananth CV, Siddiq Z et al (2016) Gastroschisis: epidemiology and mode of delivery, 2005-2013. Am J Obstet Gynecol 215:e341–e349
8.
O'Connell RV, Dotters-Katz SK, Kuller JA et al (2016) Gastroschisis: a review of management and outcomes. Obstet Gynecol Surv 71:537–544CrossRefPubMed
9.
Nasr A, Wayne C, Bass J et al (2013) Effect of delivery approach on outcomes in fetuses with gastroschisis. J Pediatr Surg 48:2251–2255CrossRefPubMed
10.
Glasmeyer P, Grande C, Margarit J et al (2012) Gastroschisis. Preterm elective cesarean and immediate primary closure: our experience. Cir Pediatr 25:12–15PubMed
11.
Islam S (2012) Advances in surgery for abdominal wall defects: gastroschisis and omphalocele. Clin Perinatol 39:375–386CrossRefPubMed
12.
Abdelhafeez AH, Schultz JA, Ertl A et al (2015) The risk of volvulus in abdominal wall defects. J Pediatr Surg 50:570–572CrossRefPubMed
13.
Gamba P, Midrio P (2014) Abdominal wall defects: prenatal diagnosis, newborn management, and long-term outcomes. Semin Pediatr Surg 23:283–290CrossRefPubMed
14.
Bauman B, Stephens D, Gershone H et al (2016) Management of giant omphaloceles: a systematic review of methods of staged surgical vs. nonoperative delayed closure. J Pediatr Surg 51:1725–1730CrossRefPubMed
15.
Montero FJ, Simpson LL, Brady PC et al (2011) Fetal omphalocele ratios predict outcomes in prenatally diagnosed omphalocele. Am J Obstet Gynecol 205:e281–e287CrossRef
16.
Kleinrouweler CE, Kuijper CF, van Zalen-Sprock MM et al (2011) Characteristics and outcome and the omphalocele circumference/abdominal circumference ratio in prenatally diagnosed fetal omphalocele. Fetal Diagn Ther 30:60–69CrossRefPubMed
17.
Danzer E, Gerdes M, D'Agostino JA et al (2010) Prospective, interdisciplinary follow-up of children with prenatally diagnosed giant omphalocele: short-term neurodevelopmental outcome. J Pediatr Surg 45:718–723CrossRefPubMed
18.
Danzer E, Victoria T, Bebbington MW et al (2012) Fetal MRI-calculated total lung volumes in the prediction of short-term outcome in giant omphalocele: preliminary findings. Fetal Diagn Ther 31:248–253CrossRefPubMed
19.
Daltro P, Fricke BL, Kline-Fath BM et al (2005) Prenatal MRI of congenital abdominal and chest wall defects. AJR Am J Roentgenol 184:1010–1016CrossRefPubMed
20.
Nyberg DA, Fitzsimmons J, Mack LA et al (1989) Chromosomal abnormalities in fetuses with omphalocele. Significance of omphalocele contents. J Ultrasound Med 8:299–308CrossRefPubMed
21.
Benacerraf BR, Saltzman DH, Estroff JA et al (1990) Abnormal karyotype of fetuses with omphalocele: prediction based on omphalocele contents. Obstet Gynecol 75:317–319PubMed
22.
van Zalen-Sprock RM, Vugt JM, van Geijn HP (1997) First-trimester sonography of physiological midgut herniation and early diagnosis of omphalocele. Prenat Diagn 17:511–518CrossRefPubMed
23.
Chauvin NA, Epelman M, Victoria T et al (2012) Complex genitourinary abnormalities on fetal MRI: imaging findings and approach to diagnosis. AJR Am J Roentgenol 199:W222–W231CrossRefPubMed
24.
Pierre K, Borer J, Phelps A et al (2014) Bladder exstrophy: current management and postoperative imaging. Pediatr Radiol 44:768–786CrossRefPubMed
25.
Stec AA, Pannu HK, Tadros YE et al (2001) Pelvic floor anatomy in classic bladder exstrophy using 3-dimensional computerized tomography: initial insights. J Urol 166:1444–1449CrossRefPubMed
26.
Saguintaah M, Couture A, Veyrac C et al (2002) MRI of the fetal gastrointestinal tract. Pediatr Radiol 32:395–404CrossRefPubMed
27.
Borer JG, Vasquez E, Canning DA et al (2015) An initial report of a novel multi-institutional bladder exstrophy consortium: a collaboration focused on primary surgery and subsequent care. J Urol 193:1802–1807CrossRefPubMed
28.
Bruch SW, Adzick NS, Goldstein RB et al (1996) Challenging the embryogenesis of cloacal exstrophy. J Pediatr Surg 31:768–770CrossRefPubMed
29.
Calvo-Garcia MA, Kline-Fath BM, Rubio EI et al (2013) Fetal MRI of cloacal exstrophy. Pediatr Radiol 43:593–604CrossRefPubMed
30.
Mathews R, Gearhart JP, Bhatnagar R et al (2006) Staged pelvic closure of extreme pubic diastasis in the exstrophy-epispadias complex. J Urol 176:2196–2198CrossRefPubMed
31.
Austin PF, Homsy YL, Gearhart JP et al (1998) The prenatal diagnosis of cloacal exstrophy. J Urol 160:1179–1181CrossRefPubMed
32.
Taghizadeh A, Qteishat A, Cuckow PM (2009) Restoring hindgut continuity in cloacal exstrophy: a valuable method of optimising bowel length. Eur J Pediatr Surg 19:141–144CrossRefPubMed
33.
Vliet R, Roelofs LA, Rassouli-Kirchmeier R et al (2015) Clinical outcome of cloacal exstrophy, current status, and a change in surgical management. Eur J Pediatr Surg 25:87–93CrossRefPubMed
34.
Cantrell JR, Haller JA, Ravitch MM (1958) A syndrome of congenital defects involving the abdominal wall, sternum, diaphragm, pericardium, and heart. Surg Gynecol Obstet 107:602–614PubMed
35.
Restrepo MS, Cerqua A, Turek JW (2014) Pentalogy of Cantrell with ectopia cordis totalis, total anomalous pulmonary venous connection, and tetralogy of Fallot: a case report and review of the literature. Congenit Heart Dis 9:E129–E134CrossRefPubMed
36.
37.
Van Allen MI, Curry C, Gallagher L (1987) Limb body wall complex: I. Pathogenesis. Am J Med Genet 28:529–548CrossRefPubMed
38.
Aguirre-Pascual E, Epelman M, Johnson AM (2014) Prenatal MRI evaluation of limb-body wall complex. Pediatr Radiol 44:1412–1420CrossRefPubMed
Metadata
Title
Fetal anterior abdominal wall defects: prenatal imaging by magnetic resonance imaging
Authors
Teresa Victoria
Savvas Andronikou
Diana Bowen
Pablo Laje
Dana A. Weiss
Ann M. Johnson
William H. Peranteau
Douglas A. Canning
N. Scott Adzick
Publication date
01-04-2018
Publisher
Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Published in
Pediatric Radiology / Issue 4/2018
Print ISSN: 0301-0449
Electronic ISSN: 1432-1998
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00247-017-3914-x

Other articles of this Issue 4/2018

Pediatric Radiology 4/2018 Go to the issue

Review

Role of interventional radiology in managing pediatric liver tumors

Minisymposium: Fetal/neonatal imaging

Have we done our last amniocentesis? Updates on cell-free DNA for Down syndrome screening

Minisymposium: Fetal/neonatal imaging

Fetal/neonatal minisymposium — 2017 executive summary

Minisymposium: Fetal/neonatal imaging

Fetal neuroimaging: an update on technical advances and clinical findings

Original Article

Spectrum of cerebral arterial and venous abnormalities in Alagille syndrome

Minisymposium: Fetal/neonatal imaging

Team counseling in prenatal evaluation: the partnership of the radiologist and genetic counselor